32 citations
,
September 2018 in “Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology” Hormone therapy for transgender females increases the risk of blood clots and requires careful dosing, monitoring, and lifelong management.
22 citations
,
September 2018 in “Medical Clinics of North America” Facial aging is caused by natural processes and external factors, and can be managed with preventative measures and a variety of treatments tailored to individual needs.
September 1998 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Intermittent isotretinoin can cause various skin, hair, and nail changes.
25 citations
,
June 2013 in “Obesity Reviews” Mesotherapy might help reduce fat in specific areas for those close to their ideal weight, but more research and care are needed to ensure safety.
14 citations
,
August 2014 in “Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism” A low-starch/low-dairy diet may help overweight women with PCOS lose weight and improve metabolism, but more research is needed.
2 citations
,
June 2003 in “International Journal of Acarology” Researchers found a new mite species causing severe hair loss and skin problems in yellow-bellied marmots.
200 citations
,
October 2009 in “European journal of endocrinology” Metformin helps manage polycystic ovary syndrome by improving insulin resistance and ovulation, but more research is needed on its full effects.
41 citations
,
May 2018 in “Nutrition and healthy aging” Skin aging is largely due to differences in stiffness and elasticity between skin layers, leading to wrinkles.
7 citations
,
January 2022 in “Animal Reproduction” Using rodents for research shows that health problems in the womb can cause diseases later in life.
18 citations
,
December 2010 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Increased HSD11B1 enzyme expression is linked to higher body fat and insulin resistance.
July 2023 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Gender-affirming hormone therapy improves physical performance in trans men to the level of cisgender men, while in trans women, it increases fat mass and decreases muscle mass, with no advantage in physical performance after 2 years.
2 citations
,
September 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Special proteins are important for skin balance, healing, and aging, and affect skin stem cells.
23 citations
,
December 2017 in “Scientific Reports” ARL15 is important for fat cell development and the release of the hormone adiponectin.
8 citations
,
January 2016 in “Journal of Veterinary Medical Science” Lab-made tissues from dog fat stem cells can help grow hair by releasing a growth factor.
July 2025 in “Archives of Sexual Behavior” Men's facial appearance shows age, body fat, and testosterone levels, not metabolic health.
January 2001 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” A test for nail fungus was most accurate with PAS stain, low-dose spironolactone helped two-thirds of acne patients, metformin reduced symptoms of HIV-related fat distribution changes with some side effects, and skin examination with dermoscopy was better at detecting abnormal moles, while temporary tattoos can cause skin reactions.
January 2026 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Menopause reduces skin fat, but treatments like magnolol and PLLA-SCA can help restore skin health.
Increased free testosterone can lead to stronger bones and less body fat but also higher risks of prostate cancer, hair loss, spine issues, and high blood pressure.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A rare ovarian tumor was found in a young woman with a genetic fat disorder.
2 citations
,
September 2020 Long-term high testosterone levels can improve bone density and reduce body fat but may increase the risk of prostate cancer and high blood pressure.
September 2002 in “Fertility and sterility” Metformin can start ovulation and may lower 17P response in PCOS, but six months is too short to improve hair growth or change body fat distribution.
67 citations
,
September 2008 in “Dermatologic therapy” Hirsutism is excessive hair growth in women often caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome, and identifying the cause is important for managing associated health risks.
11 citations
,
December 1987 in “Aesthetic Plastic Surgery” The document concludes that the hCG protocol may help in obesity treatment and could be scientifically justified, but more research is needed.
10 citations
,
October 2017 in “Dermatologic clinics” Aging in men is influenced by genetics and lifestyle, leading to muscle loss, bone issues, and skin damage.
January 2017 in “Springer eBooks” The document explains various skin conditions and their treatments.
July 2008 in “Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America” Men's facial rejuvenation involves unique challenges and is increasingly popular, with many opting for nonsurgical treatments.
405 citations
,
May 2007 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Obesity affects skin health, causing conditions like acanthosis nigricans and may require different treatment approaches.
166 citations
,
October 2018 in “Endocrine Reviews” Hormone treatments for transgender individuals generally improve mental health and physical transition, with some health risks that require medical supervision.
1 citations
,
January 2020 in “Elsevier eBooks” Hormone therapy is safe and effective for transgender adults, but requires regular monitoring and mental health support.
18 citations
,
July 1996 in “Facial Plastic Surgery” Knowing detailed head and neck anatomy is crucial for safe and effective facelift surgery.