16 citations
,
August 1989 in “Human Reproduction” Hirsutism in females is caused by high male hormones or sensitive hair follicles.
157 citations
,
May 2016 in “Plastic and reconstructive surgery/PSEF CD journals” Facial feminization surgery is safe and patients are satisfied, but more detailed research is needed.
59 citations
,
August 2004 in “Human Reproduction Update” Testosterone replacement can help women with low libido and mood, but they need to have enough estrogen first to avoid side effects.
18 citations
,
August 1985 in “European journal of endocrinology” Cyproterone acetate is effective for treating hirsutism, but some patients may feel worse on low-dose maintenance therapy.
April 2021 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Transgender patients on hormone therapy experience more acne and hair loss, but less skin inflammation.
947 citations
,
February 2004 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Most women with excess male hormones have Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, and hormonal therapy can improve symptoms but may cause side effects.
1 citations
,
August 2019 in “Evidence-Based Practice” Spironolactone and finasteride are equally effective for hirsutism in transgender women.
July 2015 in “Cambridge University Press eBooks” The document concludes that treatments for female hair loss and excess body hair are available, but managing expectations is important.
1 citations
,
October 2023 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Testosterone treatment may affect heart response to stress in transgender men.
May 2019 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Flibanserin's effectiveness for low sexual desire in premenopausal women may vary based on hormone levels, with normal hormone levels showing better responses.
99 citations
,
June 1999 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone replacement may help some postmenopausal women with symptoms like fatigue and low libido, but more research is needed to fully understand its effects.
1 citations
,
July 2021 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” Finasteride helps reduce hidradenitis suppurativa symptoms in females.
1 citations
,
October 2020 in “PubMed” Hormone testing may not be very helpful in diagnosing female pattern hair loss.
2 citations
,
March 2018 in “BMJ Case Reports” Check hormone levels in older women to find hidden conditions like certain tumors.
23 citations
,
August 2005 in “Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy” New treatments for low male hormones improved sexual function and mood but had unclear risks, especially for older men.
42 citations
,
December 1976 in “PubMed” Cyproterone acetate and ethinylestradiol effectively reduce hirsutism and acne in women.
2 citations
,
March 2003 in “Endocrine Practice” The woman's symptoms and tests suggest her adrenal glands are producing too many male hormones.
3 citations
,
April 1977 in “PubMed” The treatment improved acne, seborrhoea, and hirsutism, with some side effects like spotting and nervousness.
2 citations
,
January 2005 in “PubMed” Women with excessive body hair often have higher male hormones and related health issues.
32 citations
,
January 2018 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology” Hormone therapy affects hair growth in transgender individuals, with testosterone potentially causing hair loss in trans men and estrogen reducing facial/body hair in trans women; treatment options vary.
39 citations
,
August 2004 in “International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics” Finasteride and CPA-EE2 equally reduce hirsutism, but affect hormone levels differently.
15 citations
,
September 2021 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Hormone therapy increases the risk of heart-related issues in transgender women and may affect heart health in transgender men.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Bilateral ovarian hyperthecosis is a rare but treatable cause of increased facial hair in postmenopausal women.
20 citations
,
January 2003 in “Treatments in Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy can help improve mood, sexual function, and bone health in women with low androgen levels, but more research is needed to establish safe and effective guidelines.
100 citations
,
July 2004 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Hormones like estrogen, testosterone, progesterone, and prolactin play complex roles in female sexual function, with testosterone potentially improving sexual desire, arousal, and satisfaction. However, more research is needed to establish safe and effective hormone treatments for female sexual dysfunction.
October 2025 in “Frontiers in Toxicology” A new method effectively predicts estrogen-related health effects for early screening.
3 citations
,
January 2011 in “Female pelvic medicine & reconstructive surgery” Hormones significantly affect women's sexual function, and more research is needed to improve treatments for sexual dysfunction with minimal side effects.
July 2023 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Gender-affirming hormone therapy improves physical performance in trans men to the level of cisgender men, while in trans women, it increases fat mass and decreases muscle mass, with no advantage in physical performance after 2 years.
March 2012 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” Topical finasteride didn't significantly reduce facial hair, but patients felt it helped.
75 citations
,
November 2007 in “Clinical endocrinology” Certain medications including flutamide, spironolactone, and others effectively reduce excessive hair growth in women, especially when combined with lifestyle changes.