May 2025 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” Women with alopecia areata have poor blood flow, possibly due to nerve inflammation.
February 2022 in “Mediators of Inflammation” Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) have lower levels of a substance called DIAPH1 in their blood, which is linked to changes in sugar metabolism and insulin resistance.
138 citations
,
November 1974 in “Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society” Males and females differ in lifespan, growth, organ size, metabolism, and brain structure, with females generally living longer and maturing earlier.
5 citations
,
October 2012 in “Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health” Healthcare providers should start with simple fertility tests and treatments before referring patients to specialists.
2 citations
,
July 2022 in “Frontiers in Veterinary Science” A female dog with mixed male and female traits was treated successfully with surgery.
2 citations
,
July 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Some women with PCOS have rare genetic variants linked to the condition.
January 2020 in “Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology” All women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) in a study had at least one skin disorder, with the most common being excessive hair growth, acne, dark skin patches, hair loss, and oily skin.
23 citations
,
October 2016 in “Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health” The document concludes that health care providers should offer culturally competent care and more research is needed to improve health outcomes for transgender individuals.
11 citations
,
September 2013 in “Journal of the Egyptian Women's Dermatologic Society (Print)” Various treatments exist for hair loss, but more research is needed for better options.
December 2025 in “Biology” Male and female mice handle stress differently.
February 2025 in “Iraqi Journal of Science” PCOS patients have higher LDH and lower cortisol, dopamine, zinc, and vitamin D3, which may contribute to their symptoms and obesity.
67 citations
,
April 2018 in “JAMA Dermatology” Hair loss from hormone therapy in breast cancer patients can be improved with minoxidil treatment.
15 citations
,
April 2022 in “Immunology” Men and women get COVID-19 at similar rates, but men tend to get sicker and have a higher risk of dying, while women usually have stronger immune responses and vaccine reactions.
9 citations
,
May 2021 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” DNA methylation changes in women with PCOS could be used as disease markers and suggest new treatment targets.
7 citations
,
August 2019 in “Endokrynologia Polska” The free androgen index varies among women with different types of PCOS.
1 citations
,
June 2023 in “Nutrients” Vitamin D deficiency is linked to a higher chance of metabolic syndrome in women with PCOS.
January 2024 in “İstanbul Kuzey Klinikleri” Low ferritin levels are linked to increased hair loss; no link found between vitamin B12, TSH levels, and hair loss.
August 2025 in “Psychiatry Neurology and Medical Psychology” Mental health issues affect adaptation in alopecia patients more than the cause of hair loss.
317 citations
,
April 2018 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” PCOS is a complex condition in women that can lead to health issues, and lifestyle changes are the best management approach.
309 citations
,
June 2001 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” Mutations in the androgen receptor gene cause androgen insensitivity, leading to female traits in genetically male individuals.
54 citations
,
June 2006 in “Baillière's best practice and research in clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Baillière's best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Medicines that lower androgen levels and hair removal treatments help manage excessive hair and acne in women with PCOS.
51 citations
,
August 2012 in “Differentiation” Mouse genital development depends on male or female hormones for specific features.
10 citations
,
June 2005 in “Small ruminant research” Melatonin treatment may increase cashmere production in Spanish goats.
5 citations
,
August 2021 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Retinoic acid affects male and female muscle energy use and function differently.
February 2016 in “The journal of allergy and clinical immunology/Journal of allergy and clinical immunology/The journal of allergy and clinical immunology” A new TP63 mutation was found in a baby with EEC syndrome, showing the need for TREC testing to check for immune issues.
65 citations
,
October 2018 in “Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology” Certain bacteria and fungi are linked to healthy scalps and dandruff, suggesting that the scalp's microbial balance affects its health.
48 citations
,
March 2003 in “BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology” Mothers and newborns with dental fillings had higher mercury in their hair, but getting fillings during pregnancy didn't raise mercury levels further.
13 citations
,
January 2013 in “Molecular genetics and metabolism” Proper diet management is crucial for phenylketonuria patients to avoid severe health issues.
12 citations
,
January 2022 in “International Journal of Clinical Practice” Oxidative stress is higher in women with PCOS, especially if they're obese, and it may increase their risk of heart disease.
2 citations
,
March 2018 in “Clinical Nutrition ESPEN” Low vitamin D levels are linked to symptoms like muscle cramps, fatigue, and hair loss.