April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” An ovarian tumor caused a woman's male-like symptoms, which improved after surgery.
49 citations
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February 2009 in “Maturitas” Short-term testosterone therapy in women seems safe with few mild side effects, but long-term effects need more research.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Transgender females can reach their target estrogen levels using estradiol patches, especially if oral treatments fail or if they're at risk for blood clots. Often, the highest dose patch is needed.
32 citations
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November 1996 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Antiandrogens can help treat skin conditions like acne and excessive hair in women when used carefully.
2 citations
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October 2015 in “Obstetrics and gynaecology cases - reviews” Removing both ovaries may better treat increased male hormone levels and related symptoms in postmenopausal women when hormone therapy doesn't work.
1 citations
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November 2002 in “Endocrine practice” The patient's high testosterone was reduced by a medication that suppresses gonadotropin.
98 citations
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July 1983 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Individuals with this condition often develop male traits and identities at puberty despite being raised as females.
27 citations
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March 2006 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” HRT helps improve skin issues caused by menopause.
August 2009 in “International Journal of Dermatology” A postmenopausal woman's facial redness, acne, and excess hair were caused by too much hormone therapy for insomnia, but improved after stopping the treatment.
March 2023 in “Journal of Drugs in Dermatology” Hormonal therapies, especially antiandrogens, can help manage Hidradenitis Suppurativa.
Cyproterone acetate is an effective treatment for women with acne, hair loss, and excessive hair growth.
13 citations
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August 2020 in “Der Hautarzt” Excessive male hormones in women cause symptoms like unwanted hair growth, and treatment requires careful medical evaluation.
8 citations
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January 2025 in “Journal of Adolescent Health” Most transgender adolescents continued hormone treatment, with few stopping due to reasons other than returning to their birth gender.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's severe hirsutism was caused by Leydig cell tumors in her ovaries, which improved after surgery.
January 2003 in “Journal für Kardiologie (Krause & Pachernegg GmbH)” Testosterone therapy can improve skin and hair in men with low testosterone but may cause skin irritation with certain treatments.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's high testosterone and related symptoms were caused by overactive cells in her ovaries.
September 2024 in “Journal of Cutaneous and Aesthetic Surgery” Bicalutamide may help treat female pattern hair loss.
September 2025 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Sublingual minoxidil significantly improves hair growth in transgender individuals on testosterone therapy.
July 2024 in “Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism” Ovarian hyperthecosis should be considered in young women with severe male-like symptoms and can be managed with hormone treatments.
January 2024 in “Biology of sex differences” Dihydrotestosterone makes arteries stiffer in female mice by reducing estrogen receptor expression.
June 2025 in “CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians” Transgender men need personalized cancer care and continued testosterone therapy for well-being.
8 citations
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June 2016 in “PubMed” Finasteride is effective and safe for treating hidradenitis suppurativa in both adults and some younger patients.
March 2026 in “Mendeley Data” January 2026 in “Mendeley Data” March 2026 in “Mendeley Data”
April 2026 in “Dermatology and Therapy” Personalized hair loss treatments are needed for transgender individuals, but more research is required.
23 citations
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October 2015 in “Andrology” New male hormonal contraceptives show promise but need more research on long-term effects and funding for larger trials.
33 citations
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October 1994 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Finasteride reduces hair growth and is safe for women with excessive hair.
82 citations
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May 2016 in “Best Practice & Research in Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology” The conclusion is that managing androgen excess requires long-term treatment, including hormonal contraceptives and androgen blockers, with follow-up after six months.