Hirsutism is excessive male-pattern hair growth in women, often treated cosmetically or with hormone therapy if contraception is also desired.
January 2014 in “European Geriatric Medicine” A postmenopausal woman's virilization was caused by a rare ovarian tumor that was hard to detect but was successfully treated with surgery.
20 citations
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April 2009 in “Fertility and Sterility”
September 2023 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Hormone therapy in transgender and gender diverse individuals affects hair loss differently than in cisgender individuals.
11 citations
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October 2002 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Enzyme activities do not cause early pubic hair in these girls.
September 2023 in “Gynäkologische Endokrinologie” Menopause causes skin and hair to become drier and thinner, but hormone therapy can improve these conditions.
3 citations
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March 2024 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” Prenatal and postnatal environments both affect PCOS development and gut microbiota in mice.
More men are getting plastic surgery due to social media influence and less stigma.
March 2004 in “Current Sexual Health Reports” Testosterone's role in women's sex drive is unclear and needs more research, as low levels don't always mean less sexual interest and high levels can cause side effects.
21 citations
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April 2016 in “Journal of Dermatological Treatment” Finasteride may cause mental and sexual side effects, with hand preference and sexual orientation possibly affecting severity.
37 citations
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September 2018 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Finasteride treatment in male rats causes long-lasting effects on depression-like behavior, brain cell growth, inflammation, and gut bacteria composition.
April 2025 in “Brazilian Journal of Hair Health” Early exposure to sexualized content and poor lifestyle choices may lead to early hair loss.
35 citations
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November 2019 in “Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology” Men and women have different levels and production of brain steroids, which may affect their risk for certain brain disorders.
269 citations
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May 2002 in “Hormones and Behavior” Lowering 3α,5α-THP in the hippocampus increases anxiety and depression in proestrous rats.
10 citations
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January 2016 in “Dermatology Online Journal” Hormonal therapy in transgender patients can lead to skin changes like altered sebum production, hair growth, and acne, which may require dermatological care.
169 citations
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November 2009 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Prepubertal girls have higher sex steroid levels than boys, possibly leading to earlier puberty.
Men who strongly follow traditional masculinity are more likely to have cosmetic surgery to feel powerful and successful.
2 citations
,
August 2023 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Excess maternal androgens can cause heart problems in offspring.
1 citations
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October 2024 in “JCEM Case Reports” 5α-reductase deficiency can cause ambiguous genitalia and gender dysphoria, treatable with testosterone.
September 2008 in “Fertility and Sterility” Exposure to fatty acids significantly increased androgen levels in female dogs, suggesting a link to conditions like insulin resistance and PCOS.
11 citations
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September 2012 in “Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” Testosterone therapy seems safe for short-term use in postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but more research on long-term effects is needed.
4 citations
,
December 2021 in “Archivio italiano di urologia andrologia” Certain drugs, especially antiandrogens and spironolactone, significantly increase the risk of gynecomastia.
4 citations
,
March 2017 in “Development” Estrogen is important for keeping adult mouse nipple skin healthy by controlling certain cell signals.
37 citations
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May 2018 in “Transgender health” Oral estradiol works for many transgender women but needs personalized dosing and monitoring.
110 citations
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October 2013 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Testosterone treatment in trans men increases body and facial hair and may lead to hair loss over time, but severe skin issues are rare.
May 2009 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” DHEA therapy improved pubic hair growth and psychological well-being in young females with adrenal insufficiency.
13 citations
,
August 2020 in “Der Hautarzt” Excessive male hormones in women cause symptoms like unwanted hair growth, and treatment requires careful medical evaluation.
16 citations
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December 2021 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Sex hormones may affect COVID-19 severity, with estrogen possibly reducing risk and testosterone potentially increasing it.
186 citations
,
February 2015 in “Frontiers in Neuroscience” Testosterone affects brain behavior in complex and varied ways.
4 citations
,
January 2025 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Progesterone reduces anxiety and depression in female mice by increasing BDNF in the brain, needing 5α-reduction and estradiol.