3 citations
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June 2018 in “International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy” Baby born healthy despite mom taking finasteride, but more research needed.
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October 1993 in “Endocrinology” Finasteride blocks progesterone production in specific tumor cells, potentially causing side effects.
110 citations
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January 1984 in “Progress in brain research” Gonadal hormones may influence sex differences in play fighting in animals, but their effect on human spatial behavior is unclear and needs more research.
176 citations
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August 2000 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Hormone treatments in transsexual individuals reduce hair growth and oil production in male-to-females and increase them in female-to-males.
138 citations
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November 1974 in “Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society” Males and females differ in lifespan, growth, organ size, metabolism, and brain structure, with females generally living longer and maturing earlier.
January 2020 in “Nihon Yakuri Gakkai nenkai yoshishu” Reducing 5α-reductase activity helps endometrial cells differentiate, aiding pregnancy.
1 citations
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January 2002 in “Yaoxue jinzhan” Finasteride reduces sperm count and affects male reproductive function, while Epristeride does not.
June 2023 in “Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America” Hair transplantation is important for transgender patients to enhance their masculine or feminine appearance.
54 citations
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September 2013 in “Fertility and Sterility” Finasteride can reduce fertility in some men, but stopping it increases sperm count.
10 citations
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May 2009 in “Cases Journal” A woman's masculine symptoms were caused by an ovarian tumor, which improved after surgery.
September 2025 in “Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise” Gender-affirming hormone therapy and surgery affect gut bacteria differently.
2 citations
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January 2014 in “Elsevier eBooks” The document explains how sperm cells are produced, the role of testosterone in this process, and how toxins can reduce sperm count and fertility.
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January 1997 in “Endocrine Journal” Gonadal biopsy is the best method to diagnose gonadal dysgenesis.
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May 2022 in “World Journal of Biological Chemistry” Progesterone may help trans women with breast development and health, but more research is needed.
Hair restoration helps transgender patients achieve desired gender appearances.
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October 2004 in “Biology of Reproduction” PNU157706 reduced rat sperm movement and fertility without affecting offspring health.
34 citations
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January 2004 in “PubMed” DHT deficiency in rats reduces sperm content and affects testis structure over time.
March 2009 in “The Journal of Urology” Finasteride helps treat hair loss and prostate issues by blocking a hormone.
June 2014 in “The Journal of Urology” May 2025 in “Neuropharmacology” Finasteride reduced seizures and prevented cognitive issues in rats after neonatal asphyxia but increased anxiety later.
1 citations
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January 2017 in “Tohoku journal of experimental medicine” A woman's mature cystic teratoma caused her virilization by producing testosterone.
June 1998 in “Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy” Medical treatments like chemotherapy and radiotherapy can harm sperm production, so freezing sperm before treatment is important for men who want children later.
October 2022 in “Biomedicines” Finasteride in male rats causes liver and metabolic issues in their offspring.
89 citations
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August 2013 in “PloS one” Androgen receptors are active in many tissues of both male and female mice, not just reproductive organs.
37 citations
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June 2011 in “Journal of Cellular Biochemistry” Androgen is important in controlling stem cell differentiation, reducing fat development, and increasing lean mass.
December 2025 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Pregnant women should avoid handling crushed finasteride tablets, but exposure through a male partner's semen is minimal.
March 2024 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Sex steroids affect the MafB gene differently in male and female hamsters.
March 2024 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Minoxidil treatment improves heart defects in a DiGeorge syndrome model.
December 2025 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Finasteride is risky during pregnancy, but the chance of harm from a male partner taking it is low if handled safely.
1 citations
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September 2021 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Minoxidil can help transgender males grow facial hair before starting testosterone therapy.