163 citations
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October 2001 in “EMBO journal” Overexpressing follistatin in mice delays wound healing and reduces scar size.
55 citations
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July 2013 in “Dermatologic therapy” Some dermatological medications can impair male fertility, so consult a doctor before trying to conceive.
5 citations
,
January 2024 in “Reproductive Medicine and Biology” Androgen and Wnt signals are crucial for developing and functioning male genitalia and erectile tissues.
18 citations
,
March 2020 in “Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology” The enzymes 5α-reductase and 3α/β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase help create brain-active substances from progesterone and testosterone, which could be used for treatment, but more research is needed to ensure their safety and effectiveness.
January 2024 in “Neuroscience Applied” Oxytocin receptor changes in hair cells may help identify autism, especially in males.
15 citations
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December 2021 in “Nature Communications” Androgens in female meerkats influence aggression and dominance, affecting social dynamics and offspring behavior.
CRISPR gene editing reduces harmful molecules in cells from Emery–Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy patients.
23 citations
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July 2003 in “Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior” Finasteride blocks progesterone's effect on absence seizures in rats.
February 2023 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Dihydrotestosterone increases arterial stiffness in female mice without changing blood pressure or aortic wall thickness.
28 citations
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January 2009 in “Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters” DHT deficiency increases iNOS expression in rat testis and epididymis.
22 citations
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December 2010 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Finasteride may increase depression by reducing brain cell growth.
4 citations
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January 2002 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Long-pulsed ruby laser effectively reduces hair in male-to-female transsexuals.
237 citations
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December 2001 in “Urology” Blocking the enzyme 5α-reductase can shrink the prostate and help treat enlarged prostate issues.
April 2026 in “Dermatology and Therapy” Personalized hair loss treatments are needed for transgender individuals, but more research is required.
16 citations
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July 2018 in “Experimental Dermatology” Removing Gata6 causes hair follicle and sebaceous duct enlargement.
4 citations
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March 2018 in “Systems biology in reproductive medicine” Men born very underweight had higher estrogen levels but normal reproduction compared to normal birth weight men.
11 citations
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November 1998 in “Journal of dermatological science” Knocking out certain genes in mice helps understand skin and hair growth problems.
1 citations
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June 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Fetal skin has unique immune cells different from adult skin.
January 2025 in “Case Reports in Genetics” A rare gene variant causes sexual development issues in siblings, needing personalized treatment.
32 citations
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January 2010 in “Journal of Korean Medical Science” A rare adrenal tumor in a 14-year-old girl caused male-like symptoms and was successfully removed.
17 citations
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May 1995 in “Anatomy and Embryology” Injecting 6-OHDA in newborn mice delays hair growth and thins skin.
October 2022 in “British Journal of Dermatology” 1 citations
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October 2021 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Removing HIF-P4H-2 from certain skin cells in mice causes hair loss on the body but not the head.
The document concludes that antiandrogenic drugs like cyproterone acetate and spironolactone are effective but not permanent treatments for skin-related androgenization in women.
1 citations
,
August 2025 in “Journal of Human Immunity” Minoxidil helps restore thymus size in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome.
January 2024 in “Journal of surgical case reports” Removing an adrenal tumor can significantly reduce high androgen levels in postmenopausal women.
Finasteride may cause changes in dopamine-related genes, possibly leading to post-finasteride syndrome.
8 citations
,
October 2012 in “Transgenic Research” Overexpressing the human H-ferritin gene in mice causes mild growth delay and temporary hair loss.
2 citations
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March 2017 in “Canadian Urological Association journal” Clomiphene citrate improves fertility in men taking finasteride for hair loss.
November 2017 in “JAMA internal medicine” Women also use 5α-reductase inhibitors for hair loss and hirsutism.