6 citations
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January 2020 in “BMC Neuroscience” Male tissue has more cell death than female tissue after ischemia, and some neurosteroids only protect female cells.
25 citations
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June 2023 in “Biomedicines” Men generally face more severe COVID-19 outcomes than women, partly due to hormonal differences.
9 citations
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February 2022 in “Biomedicines” Testosterone treatment may change estrogen receptor methylation in AFAB individuals.
1 citations
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January 2020 in “Bioscience Reports” Long-term use of finasteride in women can cause hormonal changes, DNA damage, and menstrual issues.
42 citations
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August 2012 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Finasteride reduces certain behaviors caused by D1-like receptor agonists but not by D2-like receptor agonists in mice.
13 citations
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December 2018 in “Development, Growth & Differentiation” Sex hormones, especially estradiol, can change chicken feather shapes and colors.
January 2025 in “Biomedicines” High testosterone levels can harm fertility by disrupting the LIF signaling pathway in the uterus.
1 citations
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October 2022 in “International journal of endocrinology” Dihydrotestosterone changes some hormone-related gene expressions in rat pituitary glands but doesn't affect the estrous cycle.
10 citations
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February 2017 in “European journal of neuroscience/EJN. European journal of neuroscience” The availability of certain hormones and specific stimulation patterns affect long-term synaptic changes in the male rat brain.
21 citations
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January 2020 in “General and Comparative Endocrinology” Lack or blocking of SRD5a, a key component in hormone creation, can lead to conditions like pseudohermaphrodism and affect hair growth, bone mass, muscle strength, and reproductive health. More research is needed on its regulation from fertilization to adulthood.
Bilateral Orchiectomy effectively reduces the need for anti-androgen medication in most transgender females.
1 citations
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October 2024 in “JCEM Case Reports” 5α-reductase deficiency can cause ambiguous genitalia and gender dysphoria, treatable with testosterone.
8 citations
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January 1991 in “European Urology” Finasteride lowers DHT levels and raises testosterone in a dose-dependent way.
19 citations
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June 1999 in “Steroids” Different halogens on progesterone derivatives can either block or mimic male hormone effects, depending on their type and amount.
68 citations
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February 2019 in “Urology” Hormonal treatment in transgender women reduces semen quality, but stopping treatment may improve it.
January 2026 in “JCEM Case Reports” Genetics may play a significant role in gender dysphoria.
12 citations
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September 2002 in “Journal of Neurochemistry” Pregnancy-related hormone changes affect Y1 receptor gene expression in mice.
13 citations
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January 2020 in “Neuroscience” Blocking 5α-reductase can harm memory and brain structure, and increase harmful brain changes in male mice used for Alzheimer's disease research.
18 citations
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June 2009 in “Journal of Molecular Endocrinology” Finasteride exposure harms tadpole reproduction and hormone balance.
7 citations
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January 2018 in “International Journal of Trichology” Taking 5 mg/day finasteride can cause side effects in women with hair loss, but these are usually mild and fade over time, making the treatment beneficial in the long run.
April 2017 in “Reactions Weekly” Man experienced sexual dysfunction, depression, breast growth, and skin discoloration after taking finasteride for hair loss.
19 citations
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March 2010 in “Steroids” Certain progesterone derivatives can inhibit enzymes and reduce androgenic activity, potentially affecting prostate growth.
1 citations
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July 2021 in “Current Issues in Molecular Biology” Father's finasteride use may affect son's fertility and testicular function.
45 citations
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April 2018 in “Nature Reviews Urology” Male genital development is driven by androgen signaling and understanding it could help address congenital anomalies.
49 citations
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March 2018 in “Toxicological sciences” Low doses of mixed chemicals cause permanent reproductive malformations in male rats.
20 citations
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April 2012 in “Fertility and Sterility” Finasteride causes lasting fertility decrease in rats.
Finasteride significantly reduced sperm production and caused testicular atrophy in hamsters.
29 citations
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June 2004 in “Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior” Finasteride reduces alcohol withdrawal effects, especially in female mice.
25 citations
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July 2006 in “Journal of Neurochemistry” Progesterone affects GABAA receptor function by altering δ subunit levels.
April 2024 in “Journal of endocrinological investigation” Topical minoxidil helps transgender individuals assigned female at birth grow more facial hair.