26 citations
,
August 2014 in “PubMed” Testosterone improves mood and thinking skills; finasteride has no effect.
110 citations
,
October 2013 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Testosterone treatment in trans men increases body and facial hair and may lead to hair loss over time, but severe skin issues are rare.
March 2004 in “Current Sexual Health Reports” Testosterone's role in women's sex drive is unclear and needs more research, as low levels don't always mean less sexual interest and high levels can cause side effects.
April 2014 in “The FASEB Journal” Testosterone reduces knee movement, while flutamide and finasteride increase it.
Finasteride may improve prostate cancer therapy by enhancing testosterone's benefits and reducing risks.
31 citations
,
January 2001 in “PubMed” April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A 12-year-old boy with PAIS successfully developed male characteristics using high-dose testosterone and anastrozole.
Hair restoration helps transgender patients achieve desired gender appearances.
November 2014 in “PharmaTutor” Finasteride may help postmenopausal women with hair loss but is not effective for all and should be used cautiously in premenopausal women.
2 citations
,
September 2017 in “Archives of Medical Science” Finasteride affects offspring's antioxidant enzymes in epididymis, possibly disrupting sperm maturation.
6 citations
,
April 2016 in “PubMed” The review found that women using hair loss drugs like finasteride and dutasteride rarely reported sexual side effects.
10 citations
,
March 2008 in “DMW - Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift” Estrogen treatments can cause unwanted effects in men and should be used cautiously.
4 citations
,
March 2017 in “Development” Estrogen is important for keeping adult mouse nipple skin healthy by controlling certain cell signals.
March 2025 in “Scientific Reports” Menthol-based microemulsions improve skin delivery of finasteride and silodosin.
The treatment changed hormone levels and increased sexual behavior in female capuchin monkeys.
35 citations
,
January 2002 in “Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology” Finasteride reduces prostate bleeding by affecting blood vessel growth.
18 citations
,
March 2014 in “Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods” The animal models successfully simulated dry eye related to sex steroid deficiency.
147 citations
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April 1990 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Finasteride safely lowers DHT levels without affecting testosterone.
111 citations
,
August 2015 in “Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders” 5α-reductase inhibitors may cause persistent sexual dysfunction and depression, needing more research on long-term effects.
37 citations
,
November 2002 in “Biology of Reproduction” Prenatal antiandrogen treatment altered hormone levels in adult spotted hyenas, affecting males and females differently.
27 citations
,
July 2008 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” The new compounds may be more effective and cheaper than current treatments for conditions like baldness.
35 citations
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June 2018 in “Urology” The review suggests younger men taking 1 mg finasteride report more side effects, including sexual, skin, metabolic, and psychological issues.
Oral minoxidil affects prostate tissue but is less harmful than finasteride.
1 citations
,
May 2018 in “Clinical chemistry” The girl's unexpected pubic hair growth led to a diagnosis different from complete androgen insensitivity syndrome.
11 citations
,
October 2002 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Enzyme activities do not cause early pubic hair in these girls.
May 2023 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Blocking CRF1 receptors improved male hormone levels and reduced testicular tumor size in men with a specific adrenal condition.
2 citations
,
March 2018 in “Current Opinion in Urology” 5-alpha reductase inhibitors can cause sexual, neurologic, endocrine, and cardiovascular side effects, but these are rare and usually stop after ending treatment.
2 citations
,
October 2021 in “Asian Journal of Andrology” Medications for hair loss and prostate issues can significantly increase the risk of sexual side effects and other negative symptoms.
52 citations
,
March 2022 in “Biology of Sex Differences” Females have stronger immune responses to COVID-19 than males, leading to better outcomes.
75 citations
,
January 2014 in “Korean Journal of Urology” 5α-reductase inhibitors can cause sexual problems, higher risk of aggressive prostate cancer, and depression.