83 citations
,
July 2004 in “Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior” Higher 3α,5α-THP levels in the brain may reduce depression in pregnant rats.
2 citations
,
March 2021 in “Reproduction” Finasteride may affect male fertility by interfering with specific sperm signaling.
71 citations
,
November 2012 in “Expert Opinion on Drug Safety” 5-alpha reductase inhibitors can cause sexual side effects like erectile dysfunction and reduced sexual desire, sometimes lasting after stopping the drug.
28 citations
,
May 2015 in “Addiction Biology” Prenatal stress changes how male and female rats enjoy rewards differently, linked to sex hormones.
September 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” BMPs are important for hair growth and can counteract the negative effects of androgens on hair follicle stem cells.
June 2014 in “The Journal of Urology” 11 citations
,
September 2015 in “Theriogenology” Testosterone boosts fluid and electrolyte secretion in seminal vesicles, aiding sperm function.
1 citations
,
February 2024 in “Pharmacognosy Journal” Fenugreek seed extract boosts testosterone and improves male reproductive health without heart side effects.
January 2026 in “Clinics in Dermatology” Managing menopause symptoms like skin changes and hair thinning involves hormone therapy, procedures, and skincare, with emotional support being important.
25 citations
,
November 2013 in “PLoS ONE” Estrogen and androgen signals control synaptic changes in rat brains.
3 citations
,
January 2022 in “Journal of neuroendocrinology” Sex hormones affect brain cells differently in males and females.
May 2003 in “Reactions Weekly” 5 citations
,
August 2021 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Retinoic acid affects male and female muscle energy use and function differently.
4 citations
,
May 2019 in “Biology open” Testosterone reduces heart damage and inflammation after injury.
13 citations
,
February 2021 in “Brain Sciences” Androgens improve memory in adolescent male rats by acting on brain receptors.
1 citations
,
September 2023 in “AACE clinical case reports” Testosterone pellets might work for transgender men's hormone therapy, but more research is needed.
2 citations
,
March 2016 in “The Journal of Urology” Finasteride 1mg linked to diverse symptoms; other treatments improve erectile function in rats.
4 citations
,
January 2013 in “PubMed” Testosterone and finasteride raise insulin and zinc, lower chromium in male rats.
9 citations
,
November 2014 in “Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism” A 15-year-old girl with rare reproductive disorders received hormone therapy to develop secondary sexual traits, but infertility persisted.
15 citations
,
June 1986 in “Pediatric Dermatology” Androgens increase pigmentation in young hamsters, but estrogens can reverse this effect.
17 citations
,
September 2020 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Post-finasteride patients show changes in gut bacteria, possibly causing various symptoms.
November 2014 in “PharmaTutor” Finasteride may help postmenopausal women with hair loss but is not effective for all and should be used cautiously in premenopausal women.
67 citations
,
August 2007 in “American Journal of Pathology” Overexpressing the mineralocorticoid receptor in mouse skin causes skin thinning, early skin barrier development, eye issues, and hair loss.
January 2014 in “Side effects of drugs annual” Exposure to certain sex hormones can increase health risks, while some hormone therapies may offer benefits for specific conditions.
November 2024 in “Skin Appendage Disorders” Start low-dose minoxidil gradually, especially for women, to reduce side effects.
11 citations
,
August 2000 in “Journal of Endocrinology” DHEA acts like a male hormone on rat skin glands and doesn't turn into female hormones there.
33 citations
,
January 2016 in “Skin appendage disorders” The document concludes that sexual and psychiatric side effects from 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors are reported, but more high-quality research is needed to understand how often they occur.
53 citations
,
January 1985 in “Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica” Low-dose oral contraceptives reduced hair growth and testosterone levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
February 2026 in “European Urology” January 2016 in “The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine” Doxazosin may cause breast enlargement and pain in men.