3 citations
,
October 2022 in “International Journal of Impotence Research” Testosterone Replacement Therapy can improve sexual health in postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but more research is needed on its long-term effects.
57 citations
,
August 2018 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Testosterone therapy in transgender men can cause acne.
6 citations
,
September 2005 in “Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy” Androgen therapy can help with symptoms like low libido in women, but more research is needed to understand its long-term safety and effects on health.
28 citations
,
May 2013 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Testosterone therapy can improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but should be used cautiously and not based solely on testosterone levels.
June 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Skin issues from testosterone therapy in transgender men can be managed with combined dermatology and endocrinology care.
5 citations
,
June 2004 in “The Journal of The British Menopause Society” Testosterone therapy can improve sexual satisfaction and mood in surgically menopausal women when used with estrogen, but its long-term safety and effects on naturally menopausal and premenopausal women are unclear.
September 2024 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Many transgender men on testosterone therapy experience hair loss.
Hair restoration helps transgender patients achieve desired gender appearances.
36 citations
,
May 2011 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Treatment with a hormone agonist can reduce excess male hormones in postmenopausal women without surgery.
10 citations
,
February 2016 in “The Journal for Nurse Practitioners” Healthcare providers need better education and resources to give competent and sensitive care to transgender patients.
22 citations
,
September 1994 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Finasteride reduces dihydrotestosterone, increases testosterone, and may treat hirsutism in women.
April 2024 in “Journal of endocrinological investigation” Topical minoxidil helps transgender individuals assigned female at birth grow more facial hair.
February 1976 in “PubMed” Sex hormone therapy is effective for certain skin conditions like acne and seborrhea, but less so for female hair loss and excessive hair growth.
June 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Skin issues from testosterone therapy in transgender men can be managed with combined dermatology and endocrinology care.
March 2016 in “The Journal of Urology” The discovery of 5α-reductase deficiency in guevedoces led to the development of important urologic medications.
24 citations
,
March 2003 in “Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Androgens, male hormones, play a role in both men and women's health, and testosterone therapy can help women with low levels, but it's not suitable for pregnant or lactating women, or those with certain conditions.
2 citations
,
September 2007 in “International Journal of Impotence Research” Local testosterone treatment improved sexual desire in a female with fragile X syndrome.
8 citations
,
March 2008 in “Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift/Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift” Adding estrogen increased bone mass in a transsexual man undergoing hormone therapy.
September 2025 in “Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise” Gender-affirming hormone therapy and surgery affect gut bacteria differently.
39 citations
,
October 2018 in “Aesthetic surgery journal” Injectables can feminize or masculinize a transgender person's face, but more research is needed for best practices.
20 citations
,
January 1999 in “Current Pharmaceutical Design” Antiandrogen therapy is effective and well tolerated for treating women's androgenic disorders like hirsutism, acne, and hair loss.
46 citations
,
January 2008 in “Climacteric” Testosterone therapy can help improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but may cause side effects and is not FDA-approved for this use.
October 2007 in “Postgraduate obstetrics & gynecology” Testosterone therapy can help with androgen deficiency in women but should be used with caution and monitoring due to potential risks.
9 citations
,
April 2021 in “Climacteric” Testosterone therapy is effective and safe for women with low sexual desire, but it's hard to access.
21 citations
,
February 2017 in “International Journal of Women's Dermatology” Hormonal therapies help treat female hair loss, but results are slow and vary.
10 citations
,
August 2020 in “International Journal of Andrology” 5α-reductase inhibitors like finasteride may not be effective or safe for transgender individuals, and more research is needed.
October 2007 in “Postgraduate obstetrics & gynecology” Testosterone therapy can help postmenopausal women with low sexual desire but needs more safety research and should be used with estrogen therapy.
11 citations
,
September 2012 in “Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” Testosterone therapy seems safe for short-term use in postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but more research on long-term effects is needed.
21 citations
,
December 2015 in “Development Growth & Differentiation” DHT is crucial for urethral formation, and its disruption can affect masculinization and lead to hypospadias.
1 citations
,
November 2023 in “American journal of clinical pathology” Transgender men on testosterone therapy need ongoing gynecologic care due to potential cancer risks.