May 2013 in “UTUPub (University of Turku)” Including androgens in hormone therapy may lower breast cancer risk.
July 2025 in “Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology” Early androgen exposure affects hormone receptor expression in adult female rats' brains, but not in males.
4 citations
,
July 1983 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry/Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Certain hormones can reduce skin oil and hair growth, potentially helping treat acne and excessive hair in women.
162 citations
,
April 2016 in “The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy in transgender men has both desired effects like increased muscle mass and potential health risks such as higher cardiovascular risk.
32 citations
,
February 2019 in “Journal of neurochemistry” Sex hormones affect brain injury differently in males and females.
1 citations
,
September 2023 in “AACE clinical case reports” Testosterone pellets might work for transgender men's hormone therapy, but more research is needed.
6 citations
,
September 2005 in “Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy” Androgen therapy can help with symptoms like low libido in women, but more research is needed to understand its long-term safety and effects on health.
10 citations
,
February 2016 in “The Journal for Nurse Practitioners” Healthcare providers need better education and resources to give competent and sensitive care to transgender patients.
February 1976 in “PubMed” Sex hormone therapy is effective for certain skin conditions like acne and seborrhea, but less so for female hair loss and excessive hair growth.
157 citations
,
May 2016 in “Plastic and reconstructive surgery/PSEF CD journals” Facial feminization surgery is safe and patients are satisfied, but more detailed research is needed.
19 citations
,
June 1999 in “Steroids” Different halogens on progesterone derivatives can either block or mimic male hormone effects, depending on their type and amount.
46 citations
,
December 1992 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Affected males are born with ambiguous genitalia, raised as females, but develop male traits at puberty due to enzyme deficiency.
8 citations
,
August 2015 in “Endocrine”
2 citations
,
January 2012 in “Journal für Kardiologie (Krause & Pachernegg GmbH)” Hirsutism and alopecia during menopause can be diagnosed and treated with specific hormonal and topical therapies.
21 citations
,
August 1994 in “Clinical endocrinology” 5α-Reductase inhibitors can help treat hair loss, acne, and prostate issues by reducing DHT levels.
9 citations
,
August 1952 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” A 17-year-old female with adrenogenital syndrome produces very high levels of androgens, which prevent complete feminization despite high estrogen doses.
October 2025 in “Contribuciones a las Ciencias Sociales” Alopecia in transgender individuals on hormone therapy can worsen emotional distress and affect self-esteem.
1 citations
,
October 2024 in “JCEM Case Reports” 5α-reductase deficiency can cause ambiguous genitalia and gender dysphoria, treatable with testosterone.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Goserelin injections can effectively manage hyperandrogenism symptoms in postmenopausal women who can't have surgery.
Bilateral Orchiectomy effectively reduces the need for anti-androgen medication in most transgender females.
17 citations
,
January 1995 in “The American Journal of Medicine” The document concludes that proper diagnosis and tailored long-term treatment can effectively manage androgenic disorders in women, improving patient care outcomes.
77 citations
,
October 1986 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Nafarelin may effectively treat excessive hair growth in women by reducing certain hormone levels.
2 citations
,
March 2001 in “Environmental Health Perspectives” Small hormonal imbalances can cause significant health problems, so more sensitive testing for hormone-disrupting chemicals is needed.
June 2023 in “Sri Lanka Journal of Menopause”
April 2026 in “Dermatology and Therapy” Personalized hair loss treatments are needed for transgender individuals, but more research is required.
November 2017 in “JAMA internal medicine” Women also use 5α-reductase inhibitors, and their effects differ from men.
33 citations
,
October 1994 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Finasteride reduces hair growth and is safe for women with excessive hair.
13 citations
,
May 1998 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” LH and hCG reduce certain protein levels in women's skin.
2 citations
,
January 1981 Antiandrogens can treat excess body hair and hair loss by blocking male hormones.
4 citations
,
December 2012 in “Arquivos Brasileiros De Endocrinologia E Metabologia” A postmenopausal woman's masculine symptoms improved after surgery for a hormone-producing ovarian tumor.