150 citations
,
February 2008 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Antiandrogens are somewhat effective in reducing excessive hair growth in women.
1 citations
,
October 2025 in “EBioMedicine” 62 citations
,
December 1995 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Combining a GnRH agonist with a low-dose oral contraceptive is more effective and safer for treating hirsutism than using either alone.
March 2026 in “Journal of Dermatological Treatment” Topical 3% minoxidil effectively and safely enhances facial hair in transgender men.
Testosterone therapy may help women with low sexual desire after surgical menopause.
64 citations
,
January 1985 in “Clinical endocrinology” A combination of desogestrel and ethinyl oestradiol effectively reduces hair growth in hirsute women.
855 citations
,
June 2009 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.
138 citations
,
May 2000 in “Maturitas” Estrogen replacement can improve skin health in menopausal women but doesn't reverse sun damage or prevent hair loss.
20 citations
,
April 2021 in “Journal of Womens Health” Testosterone can help premenopausal and postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but its long-term safety is unclear and it's not widely approved for this use.
20 citations
,
March 1975 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry/Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” The study concludes that a genetic mutation in TFM mice leads to reduced androgen receptor activity, affecting the body's response to male hormones.
1 citations
,
October 2024 in “JCEM Case Reports” 5α-reductase deficiency can cause ambiguous genitalia and gender dysphoria, treatable with testosterone.
April 2026 in “Dermatology and Therapy” Personalized hair loss treatments are needed for transgender individuals, but more research is required.
3 citations
,
August 2021 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Facial hair is crucial for transgender men's gender identity and transition.
9 citations
,
February 2022 in “Biomedicines” Testosterone treatment may change estrogen receptor methylation in AFAB individuals.
4 citations
,
January 2002 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Long-pulsed ruby laser effectively reduces hair in male-to-female transsexuals.
January 2024 in “Medicina” Proper planning and technique in upper-face feminization surgery are crucial to avoid complications and revisions.
9 citations
,
April 2021 in “Climacteric” Testosterone therapy is effective and safe for women with low sexual desire, but it's hard to access.
29 citations
,
February 2017 in “International Journal of Women's Dermatology” Women with excessive male-pattern hair growth should get a full hormone check-up to find and treat any underlying issues, considering both medical and emotional aspects.
7 citations
,
February 2003 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Finasteride effectively reduces excess hair in women with certain conditions.
Bilateral Orchiectomy effectively reduces the need for anti-androgen medication in most transgender females.
October 2025 in “Contribuciones a las Ciencias Sociales” Alopecia in transgender individuals on hormone therapy can worsen emotional distress and affect self-esteem.
September 2025 in “Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise” Gender-affirming hormone therapy and surgery affect gut bacteria differently.
19 citations
,
March 1994 in “Fertility and sterility” The combination therapy reduced hirsutism in women with PCOD and was well-tolerated.
46 citations
,
January 2008 in “Climacteric” Testosterone therapy can help improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but may cause side effects and is not FDA-approved for this use.
51 citations
,
April 1999 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Testosterone replacement may improve sexual desire and bone health in women with low androgen levels, but more research is needed on its long-term safety.
1 citations
,
April 2022 in “Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery” Hormone therapy greatly improves the quality of life for adults seeking gender reaffirmation, but more research is needed in India.
24 citations
,
March 2003 in “Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Androgens, male hormones, play a role in both men and women's health, and testosterone therapy can help women with low levels, but it's not suitable for pregnant or lactating women, or those with certain conditions.
5 citations
,
September 2022 in “Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine” Facial feminization surgery helps make facial features more feminine, improving patient satisfaction and safety.
14 citations
,
April 2022 in “Climacteric” Menopause causes dry skin, wrinkles, and hair changes, with hormone therapy helping but not recommended just for these issues.
20 citations
,
January 2003 in “Treatments in Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy can help improve mood, sexual function, and bone health in women with low androgen levels, but more research is needed to establish safe and effective guidelines.