January 2015 in “International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology” Women with PCOS often have irregular periods, a higher chance of infertility and miscarriages, and may improve fertility with lifestyle changes and treatment.
39 citations
,
September 2000 in “Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America” Insulin-lowering medications show promise for PCOS symptoms but can't be the main treatment yet due to limited long-term research.
200 citations
,
October 2009 in “European journal of endocrinology” Metformin helps manage polycystic ovary syndrome by improving insulin resistance and ovulation, but more research is needed on its full effects.
88 citations
,
May 2012 in “Human Reproduction Update” Women with PCOS may take longer to get pregnant but can have a normal family size, and should manage their overall health to reduce long-term health risks.
70 citations
,
April 2013 in “Endocrine” Lifestyle changes improve metabolism and fertility in overweight PCOS patients; anti-obesity drugs show potential but need more research.
19 citations
,
October 2012 in “Frontiers of Hormone Research” Lifestyle changes are the first step in treating infertility in PCOS, followed by medications like clomiphene and metformin, and then surgery if needed.
December 2025 in “Lviv clinical bulletin” PRP therapy may help with ovarian issues and fertility, but more research is needed.
January 2026 in “Annals of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Restoring NAD⁺ may help with aging and chronic diseases, but more research is needed.
119 citations
,
January 2012 in “Nutrition & Metabolism” Modern lifestyles, including poor diet, stress, and long-term use of certain medications, hinder the body's ability to heal from inflammation, leading to chronic diseases.
October 2025 in “Česká gynekologie” Hyperprolactinemia is the most common cause of secondary amenorrhea, followed by drug use.
September 2023 in “IP Journal of Nutrition, Metabolism and Health Science/IP Journal of Nutrition Metabolism and Health Science” Recognizing and managing hirsutism, alopecia, and acne is crucial for improving wellbeing in women with PCOS.
26 citations
,
July 2019 in “Fertility and Sterility” Reproductive gynecologists are the main referrers for male infertility evaluations in North America.
4 citations
,
June 2003 in “Fertility and Sterility” Finasteride doesn't affect ovulation in normal women.
January 2020 in “Fertility and Sterility” The conclusion is that it's currently unclear if certain rare medical conditions are caused by specific factors due to mostly observational data.
9 citations
,
October 2017 in “Translational pediatrics” Pediatric endocrinologists should provide early fertility counseling and preservation options to young patients at risk of infertility.
60 citations
,
September 2001 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Insulin resistance contributes to hormone imbalances in many women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
47 citations
,
January 2021 in “Fertility and Sterility” COVID-19 might affect male fertility, but more research is needed to understand the full impact.
4 citations
,
July 2019 in “Children (Basel)” The review concludes that more research is needed to better improve the health outcomes for people with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome.
October 2022 in “Medical Clinical Update Journal” Early diagnosis and treatment with Leuprolide are key for children with precocious puberty.
January 2017 in “Springer eBooks” The document explains various skin conditions and their treatments.
November 2025 in “Australian Journal of General Practice” Oral finasteride and topical minoxidil can regrow hair, but finasteride may affect fertility.
October 2025 in “International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology” The combined therapy improved fertility in women with PCOS, especially in certain types.
855 citations
,
June 2009 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.
169 citations
,
August 2004 in “Baillière's best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology/Baillière's best practice and research in clinical obstetrics and gynaecology” Lower doses of treatments for hirsutism and acne in PCOS are effective and cause fewer side effects.
104 citations
,
October 1999 in “The Journal of Urology” Finasteride doesn't harm male fertility or sperm quality, but may slightly reduce ejaculate volume.
69 citations
,
September 2006 in “Human Reproduction” Women with PCOS have fewer activated T cells in their ovarian follicles, which might affect fertility.
45 citations
,
November 2021 in “Fertility and Sterility” The conclusion is that women under 35 should start fertility checks after 12 months of trying to conceive, women over 35 after 6 months, and women over 40 should start immediately. The checks should include ovulation status, reproductive tract structure, and male partner's semen evaluation.
45 citations
,
March 2015 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy is generally safe for transmen, improves sexual function, and has manageable health risks with proper monitoring.
28 citations
,
October 2018 in “Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology” Testosterone therapy seems safe and effective for transgender men with proper care, but more long-term research is needed.
22 citations
,
October 2017 in “Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology” Many young Australian women think they have PCOS, but only a few are diagnosed correctly, causing unnecessary worry.