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June 2014 in “[Thesis]. Manchester, UK: The University of Manchester; 2014.” Chemical modifications can alter hair's stability and flexibility, with hydrophobic interactions helping maintain structure in humid conditions.
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January 2009 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Hair's strength and flexibility come from its protein structure and molecular interactions.
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November 1989 in “The Journal of Cell Biology” Keratin K14 expression varies between hair follicles and epidermis, affecting cell differentiation.
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November 2009 in “Journal of Structural Biology” High flux X-ray beams quickly damage the structure of human hair.
February 2025 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” A new amino acid derivative, ATS, improves hair texture and moisture, making it easier to straighten curly hair.
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October 2002 in “Journal of cutaneous pathology” MAP-2 is crucial for the structure of hair follicles and nails.
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January 2006 High temperatures and cosmetic processes can damage hair keratin, affecting its structure and strength.
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January 1981 Hair is mostly made of three protein types: helical, high-sulfur, and high-tyrosine.
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July 2012 in “PubMed” Ceramide-rich liposomes can effectively repair and strengthen damaged hair.
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July 2004 in “Journal of morphology” Marsupial hair structure and keratin distribution are similar to placental mammals.
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April 2019 in “Journal of structural biology” Hair's internal fibers are arranged in a pattern that doesn't let much water in, and treatments like oils and heat change how much water hair can absorb.
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October 2025 γδ T cells help control tissue scarring and blood vessel growth in response to foreign objects.
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December 2013 in “Molecular biology of the cell” ILK is essential for proper hair follicle development and structure.
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April 2017 in “Journal of structural biology” Human hair keratin fibers have a detailed nano-scale structure that changes with different conditions.
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April 2018 in “Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology” Keratins are crucial for cell structure, growth, and disease risk.
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April 2017 in “European Journal of Cell Biology” CIP/KIP proteins help stop cell division and support hair growth.
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February 1998 in “Polymer journal” Keratin structure in hair is stable at pH 5-6 but disrupts between pH 6-7.
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January 1989 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” The method effectively analyzes human hair proteins, especially nonfilamentous ones.
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June 2012 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Disulfide bonds are crucial for hair structure during keratinization.
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September 2018 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Oxidized trichocyte keratin has a helical dislocation in its structure.
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January 1989 in “Genes & Development” Keratin expression reflects cell organization and differentiation, not causes it.
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July 2009 in “Experimental Dermatology” The document concludes that specific cells are essential for hair growth and more research is needed to understand how to maintain their hair-inducing properties.
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July 2012 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Mice lacking a key DNA methylation enzyme in skin cells have a lower chance of activating stem cells necessary for hair growth, leading to progressive hair loss.
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December 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” K6hf is found in specific parts of hair follicles, nails, and tongue, and is linked to hair growth and structure.
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February 1998 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Two specific hair keratin genes are active during hair growth and decline as hair transitions to rest.
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May 2012 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” The type 3 IP3 receptor is important for controlling hair loss and growth.
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September 2020 in “Biopolymers” Hair's structure and properties change with pH; acidic pH maintains strength and less swelling, while alkaline pH increases water content and swelling.
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April 2016 in “Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B, Natural, Exact and Applied Sciences” Researchers created small amber particles for use in bioactive and biocompatible fibers that could help with skin and hair restoration and are safe for infant clothing.