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The document sets criteria for diagnosing long-term sexual dysfunctions caused by certain medications.

Physicians often overlook patients' use of alternative medicine for psoriasis, highlighting a need for better communication.

Testosterone therapy for transmasculine individuals is generally safe with medical supervision, improves mental health, and has mixed effects on physical health.

Platelet-rich plasma shows promise for treating various female reproductive health issues but requires more research.

A 35-year-old man had patchy hair loss that was actually due to syphilis, not alopecia areata.

There is unequal access to gender-affirming surgeries in Canada, with a need for better coverage and specialized programs.

Ketoconazole is effective for treating various fungal infections and has new uses in dermatology, but oral use can have serious side effects.

Three siblings with a rare genetic condition had abnormal sexual development and chose different gender identities, needing surgery and therapy.

Diagnosing sex development disorders requires combining medical history, physical exams, imaging, lab tests, and genetic data.

Early postmenopausal women often experience skin issues like vaginal dryness, swallowing difficulties, hair loss, and uncommonly, keratoderma and hirsutism, but many are unaware these are related to menopause.

A man had both alopecia areata and lichen planus, which is uncommon.

The document summarized various dermatology studies and case reports.

The discovery of 5α-reductase deficiency in guevedoces led to the development of important urologic medications.

Oral propranolol successfully treated a baby's skin growth and ulceration linked to PELVIS syndrome.

Aging affects hair density and skin health, and Behcet's disease, a complex condition with no specific test, involves sores and systemic issues, treated with various medications.

Hair tourniquet syndrome can cause serious harm if not treated quickly, especially in infants.

Hair-thread tourniquet syndrome needs more awareness and discussion in dermatology.

People use different types of euphemisms for medical terms in English and French, which can cause confusion for non-native speaking healthcare professionals. Also, medical TV shows and the internet might make these terms more technical over time.

Keratins provide structural strength in epithelial cells and help identify cell origins.

Hormone levels change during puberty, leading to physical developments like pubic hair and voice changes.

New genes and pathways are important for testosterone production and male sexual development.

A mother and daughter had severe skin, hair, and eye issues linked to IFAP.

Accurate assessment of puberty using Tanner staging is crucial for identifying normal and abnormal development.

The case suggests a possible autoimmune link between lichen sclerosus and vitiligo.

Testosterone and letrozole treatment speeds up puberty in boys with delayed development.

Lipocalin-Type Prostaglandin D2 Synthase (L-PGDS) is a protein that plays many roles in the body, including sleep regulation, pain management, food intake, and protection against harmful substances. It also affects fat metabolism, glucose intolerance, cell maturation, and is involved in various diseases like diabetes, cancer, and arthritis. It can influence sex organ development and embryonic cell differentiation, and its levels can be used as a diagnostic marker for certain conditions.

Gender-affirming care greatly improves mental health for transgender and non-binary individuals.

Researchers created a cell line to study hair growth and found specific genes affected by dihydrotestosterone.

Hormonal therapy in transgender patients can lead to skin changes like altered sebum production, hair growth, and acne, which may require dermatological care.

Dogs have varying numbers of touch-sensitive Merkel cells in different skin areas, with most in the oral mucosa and facial skin, unrelated to age, sex, breed, or color.