October 2023 in “BMC endocrine disorders” A pineal tumor caused a boy's early puberty, which changed from peripheral to central after treatment.
70 citations
,
March 2016 in “Urologic Clinics of North America” The document explains how the male reproductive system works, its role in making testosterone, and how conditions like obesity can disrupt it, leading to low testosterone and fertility issues.
42 citations
,
September 2007 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The research found that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has two distinct types, with one having more severe hormone and insulin issues.
2 citations
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October 2015 in “Obstetrics and gynaecology cases - reviews” Removing both ovaries may better treat increased male hormone levels and related symptoms in postmenopausal women when hormone therapy doesn't work.
November 2023 in “Scientific reports” The research identified and described a gene important for hormone conversion in endangered catfish, which varies in activity during different reproductive stages and after hormone treatment.
10 citations
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May 2009 in “Sexual and Relationship Therapy” The document concludes that hormone therapy is essential for treating gender dysphoria, with specific drugs and monitoring protocols recommended for safety and effectiveness.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A 23-year-old woman's missed periods were caused by a rare genetic disorder treated with hormone patches.
Different drugs are used to manage breeding, prevent or end pregnancy, and treat reproductive issues in dogs and cats.
January 2018 in “Elsevier eBooks” The document explains how male reproductive hormones work and affect the body.
62 citations
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December 1995 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Combining a GnRH agonist with a low-dose oral contraceptive is more effective and safer for treating hirsutism than using either alone.
37 citations
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November 2002 in “Biology of Reproduction” Prenatal antiandrogen treatment altered hormone levels in adult spotted hyenas, affecting males and females differently.
31 citations
,
September 2020 in “Clinical endocrinology” Some antiandrogens may lower testosterone better than others, but it's unclear which is best for feminization in transgender women; more research is needed.
3 citations
,
December 2014 in “Elsevier eBooks” Male hormones and their interactions are crucial for male sexual development and characteristics.
2 citations
,
December 1994 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” The treatment effectively reduced hair growth and was safe for patients with PCOS, but it needs better bleeding control.
1 citations
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November 2007 in “Neuro-chirurgie/Neurochirurgie” Cyproterone acetate is a safe treatment that causes modest feminization in transgender female adolescents, and works better with added estrogens.
July 2023 in “Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies” GnRH agonist effectively diagnoses and treats postmenopausal hyperandrogenism from ovarian sources.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” The study found that imaging might miss small ovarian tumors causing high testosterone, and suggested using certain testosterone levels and treatment responses to identify these tumors.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Goserelin injections can effectively manage hyperandrogenism symptoms in postmenopausal women who can't have surgery.
July 2024 in “Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism” Ovarian hyperthecosis should be considered in young women with severe male-like symptoms and can be managed with hormone treatments.
October 2022 in “Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies” GnRH-a or orchiectomy is more effective than anti-androgens for managing hormone levels in transgender women.
July 2008 in “International journal of psychophysiology” Cyproterone acetate is a safe treatment that causes mild feminizing effects in adolescent trans-girls.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Ovarian stromal hyperplasia can cause high testosterone in postmenopausal women and is treated by removing the ovaries.
5 citations
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February 2020 in “Journal of pediatric & adolescent gynecology” Recurrent vaginal bleeding in young girls without puberty signs may require a genital exam to find hidden causes.
July 2020 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Higher BMI, IGF-1, and DHEAS levels are linked to advanced bone age in young Chinese girls with early breast development.
55 citations
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August 2003 in “Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology” Ultrasound and color Doppler can help diagnose and decide treatment for early puberty in young girls.
18 citations
,
March 2010 in “Gynecologic and obstetric investigation” The oral contraceptive alone is the preferred treatment for hirsutism, as adding the GnRH analog showed no significant benefit.
September 2024 in “Brazilian Journal of Case Reports” Clomiphene testing can help find ovarian causes of high testosterone in postmenopausal women.
39 citations
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January 2019 in “The World Journal of Men's Health” Testosterone replacement therapy can prevent men from fathering children and should not be used by those wanting to stay fertile.
25 citations
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March 2000 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Testosterone therapy aims to treat hormone deficiencies and various conditions safely and effectively, but requires careful patient monitoring due to potential side effects.
3 citations
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February 2018 in “Human Reproduction” A man with testotoxicosis was fertile despite low FSH levels, suggesting high testosterone may allow sperm production without FSH.