May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A 23-year-old woman's missed periods were caused by a rare genetic disorder treated with hormone patches.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A rare ovarian tumor caused high male hormone levels, but surgery fixed it.
51 citations
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August 2012 in “Differentiation” Mouse genital development depends on male or female hormones for specific features.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Ovarian stromal hyperplasia can cause high testosterone in postmenopausal women and is treated by removing the ovaries.
3 citations
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July 2019 in “Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology” A young woman's rare ovarian tumor was successfully removed, improving her hormonal symptoms.
21 citations
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December 2015 in “Development Growth & Differentiation” DHT is crucial for urethral formation, and its disruption can affect masculinization and lead to hypospadias.
62 citations
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August 2018 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Androgens are important for normal ovarian function and estrogen production, but may not be the main cause of follicle death.
March 2024 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Minoxidil treatment improves heart defects in a DiGeorge syndrome model.
July 2024 in “Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism” Ovarian hyperthecosis should be considered in young women with severe male-like symptoms and can be managed with hormone treatments.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Surgical removal of a rare ovarian tumor improved symptoms and hormone levels in a postmenopausal woman.
October 2022 in “Miscellaneous” A rare, non-cancerous ovarian tumor was successfully treated with surgery, improving the patient's symptoms.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's small ovarian tumor causing high androgen levels was missed by several scans but found during surgery.
July 2001 in “APMIS. Acta pathologica, microbiologica et immunologica Scandinavica./APMIS” Male children's genital development issues can be caused by genetic mutations or environmental factors affecting hormone action.
January 2016 in “Springer eBooks” A 19-year-old male with delayed puberty was successfully treated for a condition that prevents normal hormone production.
17 citations
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January 2013 in “Case Reports in Medicine” Steroid cell tumors in the ovary are rare, can cause hormone-related symptoms, and require surgery.
January 2022 in “Journal of Morphological Sciences” A woman's rare ovarian tumor was treated with surgery, which stopped her symptoms and normalized her hormone levels.
A 22-year-old woman with a rare genetic condition was successfully treated to develop normal female characteristics and regular menstruation.
5 citations
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January 2017 in “Endocrinology” Genetic defects in testosterone production can cause hormonal and developmental disorders, and more research is needed to understand androgen regulation and develop safer treatments.
2 citations
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May 2018 in “Diagnosis” A 68-year-old woman developed male traits due to a tumor in her ovary, which was removed, returning her hormone levels to normal.
January 2020 in “Proyecto de investigación:” Longer anogenital distance may indicate a higher chance of having polycystic ovary syndrome, and measuring this distance along with hormone levels could improve diagnosis.
September 2024 in “Pediatrics in Review” Parental support and gender-affirming care are crucial for the mental health of transgender adolescents.
2 citations
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November 2025 in “Journal of Ovarian Research” Reducing granulosa cell pyroptosis may improve oocyte maturation in PCOS.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” The 18-year-old girl likely has a condition called müllerian agenesis, which caused her to not have a uterus and experience no menstrual periods.
203 citations
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December 1947 in “Annals of Internal Medicine” 39 citations
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September 2018 in “American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A” A new genetic mutation in the ODC1 gene causes developmental delay and other symptoms in a young girl.
2 citations
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October 2015 in “Obstetrics and gynaecology cases - reviews” Removing both ovaries may better treat increased male hormone levels and related symptoms in postmenopausal women when hormone therapy doesn't work.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Removing the ovarian tumor improved the woman's hormonal symptoms.
March 2016 in “The Journal of Urology” The discovery of 5α-reductase deficiency in guevedoces led to the development of important urologic medications.
4 citations
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November 2018 in “Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Case Reports” GnRH analogue can help diagnose ovarian causes of high testosterone in postmenopausal women when scans don't show the cause.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's masculine symptoms were caused by a rare tumor in her left ovary, which was found using a special blood test.