January 2026 in “JCEM Case Reports” Genetics may play a significant role in gender dysphoria.
3 citations
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October 2024 in “Reproductive Sciences” Androgen measurements are mostly unnecessary for diagnosing PCOS, except in women with menstrual issues.
November 2004 in “Medical Journal of Indonesia” Hormonal imbalances can cause skin and hair problems in women, and treatments that block male hormones can help.
May 2025 in “Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies” Surgical removal of an adrenal tumor resolved hormonal issues in a young woman.
55 citations
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May 2019 in “Journal of Endocrinology” Androgens are important for female fertility and could help in IVF treatment, but also play a role in causing PCOS.
11-oxyandrogens are linked to excess hair growth in PCOS, but don't help diagnose it.
12 citations
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May 2005 in “Current obstetrics and gynaecology/Current obstetrics & gynaecology” Hirsutism is too much hair growth in women like the pattern in men, often caused by high male hormones, and can be treated with hormone control and hair removal methods.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman developed male characteristics after using unregulated hormone therapy.
January 2016 in “Journal of SAFOG” Girls with PCOS and menstrual disorders have notably higher androgen hormone levels.
26 citations
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October 2014 in “Andrologia” Infertile men are more likely to produce sperm with abnormal chromosome numbers, which can affect pregnancy success and embryo health.
27 citations
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April 2017 in “European journal of endocrinology” The research found that MRI and certain hormone levels can help tell apart ovarian tumors from hyperthecosis in postmenopausal women, but tissue analysis is still needed for a definite diagnosis.
January 2020 in “Case reports in endocrinology” Removing one ovary helped treat a woman's severe PCOS symptoms when medicine didn't work.
96 citations
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October 1987 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Chronic GnRHa treatment can help manage endometrial hyperplasia and reduce ovarian androgen excess in PCO patients.
January 2017 in “University journal of surgery and surgical specialities” Steroid cell tumors in ovaries are rare, can cause hormone changes, and may be cancerous.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman with a rare ovarian tumor and hyperparathyroidism improved after surgery, highlighting the need for reporting unusual cases to understand and manage rare diseases.
17 citations
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May 2012 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Surgery to lower high testosterone in postmenopausal women with certain ovarian tumors doesn't significantly affect their metabolism.
August 2020 in “Journal of Womens Health, Issues and Care” PCOS affects many women, causing menstrual issues and infertility, but can be managed with lifestyle changes, medications, and possibly herbal treatments.
7 citations
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September 2014 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research” Ultrasound measurement of the ovarian stroma to total area ratio is not a reliable single predictor of high male hormone levels in Thai women with PCOS, but works better when combined with clinical signs.
32 citations
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March 2019 in “Climacteric” Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) can harm women's sexual health, and they may benefit from hormone therapy and counseling.
11 citations
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May 2024 in “Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology” Fetal ovaries produce different hormones than adult ovaries, and endocrine-disrupting chemicals may affect this process.
4 citations
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February 2011 in “Annals of internal medicine” The document concludes that Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is a commonly underdiagnosed hormonal disorder in women, diagnosed by specific criteria.
14 citations
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September 1986 in “Archives of Dermatology” Women with low SHBG levels and a high 3a-diol G to SHBG ratio are likely to experience female pattern baldness, possibly due to a slight excess of androgens affecting sensitive hair bulbs.
January 2025 in “JCEM Case Reports” Ovarian thecomas can cause virilization in postmenopausal women and are treated with surgery.
14 citations
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September 2015 in “Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets” The conclusion is that while oral contraceptive pills are effective for PCOS-related high androgen levels, new treatments with fewer side effects are needed.
November 2021 in “Khyber Medical University Journal” A rare ovarian tumor caused a postmenopausal woman to develop male-like features, which improved after surgery.
November 2025 in “BMC Endocrine Disorders” The TT/DHT ratio may help identify PCOS patients with severe metabolic issues.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's hair loss and other symptoms were due to a rare hormone deficiency treatable with steroids.
120 citations
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April 2019 in “The Journal of clinical investigation/The journal of clinical investigation” Both estrogens and androgens are important for health in both males and females.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Early detection of ovarian steroid cell tumors is crucial to prevent lasting symptoms.
4 citations
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December 2018 in “Case reports in endocrinology” A 63-year-old woman's male-like symptoms were caused by a rare testosterone-producing ovarian tumor, treated by removing her ovaries and fallopian tubes.