198 citations
,
July 2011 in “Cochrane library” Lifestyle changes can improve body composition, excess male hormone levels, and insulin resistance in women with PCOS.
131 citations
,
August 2004 in “Best Practice & Research in Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology” The conclusion is that PCOS is caused by ovarian sensitivity to hormones and disrupted hormone control, possibly due to ovarian factors, and more research is needed.
129 citations
,
January 2019 in “Clinical medicine insights” Obesity worsens PCOS symptoms, and PCOS may lead to more weight gain; managing both requires a holistic approach that includes mental health.
92 citations
,
November 2003 in “The Journals of Gerontology” Testosterone supplements can increase muscle mass and strength in older men with low levels, but long-term effects and risks need more research.
88 citations
,
June 2016 in “Human Reproduction Update” New hormonal contraceptives are safer, have fewer side effects, and offer health benefits for women.
77 citations
,
July 2013 in “Best Practice & Research in Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology” Menopause reduces skin collagen and elasticity, and while estrogen therapy can help, its risks require careful consideration.
59 citations
,
August 2004 in “Human Reproduction Update” Testosterone replacement can help women with low libido and mood, but they need to have enough estrogen first to avoid side effects.
45 citations
,
February 2001 in “Joint bone spine” Gonadal dysgenesis, like Turner's and Klinefelter's syndromes, negatively affects bone health, but hormone treatments can help.
31 citations
,
May 2012 in “European Journal of Dermatology” Menopause affects hair and skin; more research needed for treatment.
30 citations
,
June 1988 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Flutamide combined with an LHRH agonist effectively inhibits prostate growth, suggesting it could treat prostate cancer.
29 citations
,
May 1998 in “Bulletin of the American College of Nurse-Midwifery” The document concludes that menopause should be seen as a natural part of aging and managed with personalized care and informed choices.
28 citations
,
October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Testosterone replacement may help post-menopausal women with androgen insufficiency, but more research is needed on its benefits and risks.
17 citations
,
December 2020 in “Journal of Genetic Counseling” Genetic counselors should be culturally skilled and aware of transgender patients' unique health risks and needs.
17 citations
,
August 2019 in “Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases” Low testosterone in men is a risk factor for a specific heart rhythm issue, and testosterone treatment may help prevent it.
17 citations
,
May 2012 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Surgery to lower high testosterone in postmenopausal women with certain ovarian tumors doesn't significantly affect their metabolism.
12 citations
,
January 2016 in “Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports” Testosterone therapy improved physical and social health in a male with 49,XXXXY syndrome.
8 citations
,
February 2009 in “Current Women's Health Reviews” Testosterone treatment can improve sexual function and bone density in women but may have adverse effects and requires more research on safety and guidelines.
7 citations
,
January 2019 in “Headache” Hormone therapy may increase migraines in transgender women and decrease them in transgender men; more research is needed on migraine management in transgender individuals.
7 citations
,
July 2014 in “Reproductive Biomedicine Online” The length of CAG repeats in the androgen receptor gene is linked to ovarian reserve but does not affect how the ovaries respond to stimulation.
6 citations
,
April 2009 in “Fertility and Sterility” Finasteride helps induce ovulation in nonresponder PCOS women.
6 citations
,
September 1998 in “The Journal of The British Menopause Society” Testosterone replacement may help postmenopausal women with sexual function and bone density, but suitable treatments are limited.
3 citations
,
July 2011 in “Expert Review of Dermatology” Effective treatments for excessive hair growth in women include creams, laser therapy, and medications, with the choice depending on individual needs and potential side effects.
1 citations
,
April 2024 in “Archives of disease in childhood” Many children and teens referred to gender services receive hormone treatments, but more research is needed on their long-term care and outcomes.
January 2026 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” Certain drugs can cause male infertility, so fertility counseling and sperm preservation are advised.
August 2023 in “Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Balancing hormones can help women feel youthful and healthy.
February 1999 in “Drugs in R & D” The document concludes that various drugs for men's health issues are in development, with treatments for sexual dysfunction and prostate conditions being the most advanced.
28 citations
,
September 2017 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Women with PCOS have higher levels of AMH in their blood and follicles, and this can help predict their risk of overreaction to fertility treatments.
126 citations
,
February 2017 in “JAMA Surgery” Surgeons must understand the full care process for gender confirmation surgery to help transgender individuals effectively.
658 citations
,
June 2003 in “Endocrine reviews” Male hormones may play a role in the development of heart disease, and more research is needed to understand their effects.
254 citations
,
September 2014 in “Menopause” The NAMS 2014 recommendations guide healthcare providers on treating health issues in midlife women, emphasizing individualized care and informed decision-making.