277 citations
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July 2011 in “Journal of the Dermatology Nurses’ Association” The skin's layers protect, sense, and regulate the body's internal balance, but can be prone to cancer.
54 citations
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November 2015 in “Methods in enzymology on CD-ROM/Methods in enzymology” Keratins are important for skin cell health and their problems can cause diseases.
31 citations
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December 2010 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Loose anagen hair syndrome is caused by structural abnormalities in the hair follicle's inner root sheath.
26 citations
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September 2012 in “Cell Reports” B-Raf and C-Raf are essential for maintaining melanocyte stem cells to prevent hair graying.
15 citations
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July 2004 in “Journal of morphology” Monotreme hair structure and protein distribution are similar to other mammals, but their inner root sheath cornifies differently, suggesting a unique evolution from reptile skin.
January 2018 in “Stem cell biology and regenerative medicine” The nucleus is key in controlling skin growth and repair by coordinating signals, gene regulators, and epigenetic changes.
January 2012 in “Elsevier eBooks” New treatments for skin and hair repair show promise, but further improvements are needed.
28 citations
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January 2013 in “Stem cells” Certain human skin cells marked by CD44 and ALDH are rich in stem cells capable of long-term skin renewal.
27 citations
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February 2020 in “EMBO Reports” MEX3A is crucial for maintaining intestinal stem cells in mice.
August 2014 in “Warwick Research Archive Portal (University of Warwick)” Obesity negatively affects the endometrium, leading to higher miscarriage risk and impaired cell function.
74 citations
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October 2012 in “The American Journal of Human Genetics” Mutations in the HOXC13 gene cause hair and nail development issues.
13 citations
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January 1993 in “Archives of dermatological research” Human hair follicles can grow and stay healthy for up to 8 days in a lab setting.
45 citations
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May 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Alopecia areata is caused by immune attacks on hair follicles, affecting hair growth and quality of life.
July 2025 in “Bioactive Materials” New engineering methods show promise for regenerating hair follicles using stem cells and advanced technologies.
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May 2008 in “Histochemistry and Cell Biology” Keratins are crucial for cell stability, wound healing, and cancer diagnosis.
1 citations
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December 2023 Hair grows in cycles and changes with age, starting from fetal development.
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April 2019 in “PubMed” The medulla in Asian scalp hair has a tubular structure that allows ions and large molecules to flow through it.
February 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Hair loss in Androgenetic Alopecia is caused by genetics, aging, and lifestyle, leading to hair follicle shrinkage and related health risks.
119 citations
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November 2016 in “American journal of human genetics” Mutations in three genes cause Uncombable Hair Syndrome, leading to frizzy hair that can't be combed flat.
73 citations
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December 2015 in “Nature Genetics” Mutations in TBX3 cause horses to have more even hair color instead of Dun camouflage.
December 2025 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Exosome-based therapies show promise for treating alopecia areata but need more research.
39 citations
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August 2018 in “Scientific reports” Claudin-1 is important for the barrier function and growth of hair.
96 citations
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October 2000 in “The FASEB Journal” The p75 neurotrophin receptor is important for hair follicle regression by controlling cell death.
2 citations
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March 2019 in “Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry” Neuronatin is found in specific cells within rat testis, hair follicles, tongue, and pancreas, suggesting it has various roles in tissue development and function.
April 2026 in “Research Square” COVID-19 can harm male fertility by reducing sperm stem cells and damaging testicular function.
119 citations
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July 2016 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” Vitamin D has potential benefits for cancer prevention, heart health, diabetes, obesity, muscle function, skin health, and immune function, but clinical results are mixed and more research is needed.
27 citations
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February 2023 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” WNT10B is important for body functions and linked to diseases like osteoporosis, obesity, and cancer.
70 citations
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January 2014 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Keratin proteins are crucial for healthy skin, but mutations can cause skin disorders with no effective treatments yet.
3 citations
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August 2024 in “The Journal of Cell Biology” Actin filaments help stabilize and reshape cell membranes.
15 citations
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February 2020 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Ceramide Synthase 4 is crucial for healthy skin barrier function.