January 2007 in “Revista del Centro Dermatológico Pascua” A 2-year-old boy was diagnosed with a rare genetic condition causing fragile hair, intellectual issues, and short stature.
January 2013 in “Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan” CMADK reduces hair damage from bleaching and permanent waving.
28 citations
,
December 2011 in “Biocatalysis and biotransformation” PDI helps restore over-bleached hair's strength and structure by attaching special peptides.
4 citations
,
April 1955 in “Textile Research Journal” The effectiveness of reducing agents on hair fibers depends on their electrode potentials.
25 citations
,
May 2019 in “Heliyon” Hair treatments cause significant structural changes, especially with excessive heat, regardless of ethnicity.
January 2025 in “Dermatology Research and Practice” The treatment effectively repairs and strengthens damaged hair by restoring natural lipids.
36 citations
,
November 2019 in “Molecular biology and evolution” Cysteine-rich keratins evolved independently in mammals, reptiles, and birds for hard skin structures like hair, claws, and feathers.
20 citations
,
July 1988 in “Clinics in dermatology” Thioglycolate lotions are the most popular method for permanent waving and hair straightening.
December 2025 in “Universal library of medical and health sciences.” Amino acids like arginine and cysteine protect hair during chemical treatments, keeping it strong and less brittle.
26 citations
,
September 1990 in “Ophthalmology” The study found no common cause for a girl's crystalline cataract and uncombable hair, suggesting their co-occurrence might be coincidental.
3 citations
,
January 2021 in “ScienceAsia” Using an enzyme and keratin treatment can significantly repair and strengthen damaged hair.
October 2015 in “Cosmetic Dermatology” Hair straightening changes hair structure and can cause damage if done wrong, but improvements in the methods are expected to continue.
47 citations
,
January 2017 in “RSC Advances” Keratin peptides can change hair shape gently without harsh chemicals.
98 citations
,
October 2012 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Eating the right nutrients can improve hair health, but taking extra supplements usually doesn't help unless you have a deficiency.
7 citations
,
January 2010 in “Animal” Angora goat hair grows faster and produces more protein than cashmere goat hair, and certain hormones and nutrients positively affect hair growth and protein synthesis.
Human hair keratins can be turned into useful 3D biomedical scaffolds through a freeze-thaw process.
19 citations
,
January 2009 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Hair's strength and flexibility come from its protein structure and molecular interactions.
13 citations
,
March 2006 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” The study found that a polymer treatment changes the charge on hair surfaces, making bleached hair smoother and less porous.
December 2025 in “The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research” Ultrasonic and infrared treatments can improve hair strength and appearance with minimal damage.
191 citations
,
November 1959 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” Hair and wool have complex microscopic structures with microfibrils and varying cystine content.
21 citations
,
December 2011 in “Chungara” Mummy hair's chemical composition may not accurately show ancient people's health due to environmental contamination.
15 citations
,
January 2016 in “Przeglad Menopauzalny” Eating a balanced diet with specific nutrients is important for menopausal women to manage hair loss.
9 citations
,
April 2019 in “Journal of structural biology” Hair's internal fibers are arranged in a pattern that doesn't let much water in, and treatments like oils and heat change how much water hair can absorb.
4 citations
,
January 2015 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Hair and wool strength is affected by the number and type of bonds in their protein structures, with hair having more protein aggregates than wool.
48 citations
,
July 1993 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Hair growth is controlled by specific gene clusters and proteins, and cysteine affects hair gene expression in sheep.
40 citations
,
April 1999 in “Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry” S100A3 protein is mainly found in specific parts of human hair cells.
38 citations
,
October 2011 in “Analytical biochemistry” Hair proteins have weak spots in their α-helical segments.
27 citations
,
June 2005 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” The study found that variations in hair protein genes are likely due to evolutionary deletions or duplications.
12 citations
,
December 2017 in “Journal of biomaterials science. Polymer ed.” Human hair protein extracts can protect skin cells from oxidative stress.
9 citations
,
January 2011 in “Journal of X-ray science and technology” Perming and bleaching damage hair differently, with bleached hair having more cysteic acid in the cuticle.