December 1991 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” Keratin proteins are crucial for hair structure and strength.
271 citations
,
March 1999 in “Developmental biology” The research shows that a gene called Wnt3 affects hair growth and structure, causing short hair and balding when overactive.
2 citations
,
October 2022 in “Journal of structural biology” Older thin hair is not just thinner but also has different shape, structure, and stiffness.
175 citations
,
January 1995 in “Birkhäuser Basel eBooks” Human hair growth and structure are influenced by keratin proteins, genes, melanin, and lipids.
107 citations
,
October 2014 in “PeerJ” Hair's molecular structure is mostly consistent, but genetic differences affect lipid types, which could help diagnose diseases.
86 citations
,
January 1996 in “Clinics in dermatology” Hair can be damaged by daily routines, but protein-based products can protect and improve it.
42 citations
,
January 2011 in “Journal of Biomedical Optics” Infrared and Raman imaging can non-destructively analyze hair structure and help diagnose hair conditions.
11 citations
,
January 2016 in “Biointerphases” The hair's outermost surface has multiple layers of lipids and proteins.
4 citations
,
August 2014 in “Journal of molecular structure” Chemical treatments on bleached black hair change its internal structure by breaking and reforming bonds, and treatments with hydrolyzed eggwhite protein help repair it.
3 citations
,
March 2024 in “Discover Applied Sciences” Spirulina proteins can improve hair smoothness and strength in hair care products.
1 citations
,
January 2009 in “Journal of S C C J” Changing disulfide bonds in human hair affects its melting behavior and thermal stability.
September 2023 in “Journal of Natural Fibers” Drying hair with a microfiber towel better maintains hair strength and structure than using a cotton towel or blow-drier.
1 citations
,
April 2023 in “Langmuir” Damaged hair allows water to penetrate more easily, and fatty acids from shampoos can deposit on hair surfaces.
19 citations
,
May 2008 in “Applied spectroscopy” Human hair has different protein structures in its cuticle and cortex.
1 citations
,
January 2004 in “Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide)” SPARC likely aids in tissue remodeling during the hair cycle, not in starting new hair growth phases.
25 citations
,
May 2019 in “Heliyon” Hair treatments cause significant structural changes, especially with excessive heat, regardless of ethnicity.
8 citations
,
July 2011 in “Animal science journal” Keratin 33A is a key protein in goat winter coats, especially in high-producing breeds.
2 citations
,
July 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Autophagy changes the protein makeup of hair.
4 citations
,
January 2015 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Hair and wool strength is affected by the number and type of bonds in their protein structures, with hair having more protein aggregates than wool.
October 2024 in “Cosmetics” ATG effectively reduces hair frizz without damaging hair strength.
11 citations
,
September 1996 in “Journal of applied polymer science” Potassium cyanide treatment changes hair's disulfide bonds, making it more elastic.
2 citations
,
September 1996 in “Journal of Applied Polymer Science” Potassium cyanide changes hair's disulfide bonds to monosulfide, affecting high-sulfur proteins more.
10 citations
,
September 2020 in “Biopolymers” Hair's structure and properties change with pH; acidic pH maintains strength and less swelling, while alkaline pH increases water content and swelling.
17 citations
,
November 2012 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The document concludes that over 500 genes are linked to hair disorders and this knowledge is important for creating new treatments.
13 citations
,
February 2019 in “Zoology” Lustre mutant sheep have normal hair structure and proteins but differ in felting properties.
3 citations
,
September 2023 in “Genes” Dkk genes evolved faster in birds and reptiles, affecting hair development functions.
May 2026 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Ozonated water damages hair structure and proteins.
September 2025 in “OPAL (Open@LaTrobe) (La Trobe University)” SELP::KP improves hair strength, elasticity, and health, making it a promising hair cosmetic.
30 citations
,
January 2009 in “The scientific world journal/TheScientificWorldjournal” Hair is hard to dissolve because of its complex proteins, but certain solvents that break specific bonds and hydrate can do it.
12 citations
,
August 1984 in “Genetics Research” The N gene affects the protein makeup of mouse hair.