38 citations
,
January 2014 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Krtap11-1 is important for hair strength and structure.
47 citations
,
September 2011 in “Acta biomaterialia” Protein composition greatly affects the function of keratin biomaterials.
28 citations
,
December 2011 in “Biocatalysis and biotransformation” PDI helps restore over-bleached hair's strength and structure by attaching special peptides.
13 citations
,
September 2012 in “Cell & tissue research/Cell and tissue research” pCLCA2 protein may help maintain skin structure and function.
February 2024 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Tandem repeats significantly influence hair color, especially darker shades, across different ancestries.
14 citations
,
October 2002 in “Journal of cutaneous pathology” MAP-2 is crucial for the structure of hair follicles and nails.
3 citations
,
January 2016 NuMA-microtubule interactions are crucial for proper skin structure and hair growth.
November 2025 in “Cosmetics” Rice germ oil improves hair health, but adding ferulic acid offers limited benefits and may worsen chemically damaged hair.
4 citations
,
August 2011 in “Journal of Food Biochemistry” Zinc binds to milk protein α-casein, forming stable complexes that could help fortify milk with zinc to prevent deficiencies.
January 2026 in “Preprints.org” Four new FGF5 gene variants cause long hair in dogs.
45 citations
,
December 2006 in “Biopolymers” Permanent waving weakens hair by altering its protein structure.
27 citations
,
May 2019 in “Cosmetics” The hair cuticle is made of tough proteins that protect the hair, but more research is needed to fully understand its structure.
March 2026 in “The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences” All Indian dromedary camel breeds have the same KRTAP7 gene affecting hair quality.
April 2020 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” The study found that minor protein differences between curved and straight Japanese hair are unlikely to significantly affect hair structure.
3 citations
,
August 2008 in “PubMed” Repeated digital perming with sodium thioglycolate lotion significantly damages hair protein and structure.
124 citations
,
November 2000 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” PAD3 plays a key role in hair and skin protein structure and may be linked to skin diseases.
18 citations
,
January 2018 in “Advances in experimental medicine and biology” Hair keratins evolved from ancient proteins, diversifying through gene changes, crucial for forming claws and later hair in mammals.
4 citations
,
August 2018 in “Journal of cellular biochemistry” Acid inside cells speeds up aging and turns on aging signs in mice.
June 2023 in “Historical records of Australian science/Historical Records of Australian Science” George Ernest Rogers was a notable scientist who made important discoveries about hair and wool proteins.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Hormone Replacement Therapy improves skin health in postmenopausal women by boosting collagen and hydration.
61 citations
,
September 2010 in “Genomics” The study found that immune responses disrupt hair growth cycles, causing hair loss in alopecia areata.
9 citations
,
February 2005 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” The document concludes that the human keratin gene cluster is complex, with a need for updated naming to reflect over 50 functional genes important for hair and skin biology.
58 citations
,
November 2013 in “Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences” Multiphoton microscopy is a promising tool for detailed skin imaging and could improve patient care if its challenges are addressed.
30 citations
,
April 2017 in “Journal of structural biology” Human hair keratin fibers have a detailed nano-scale structure that changes with different conditions.
23 citations
,
March 2001 in “Clinics in dermatology” Alopecia areata involves immune response and gene changes affecting hair loss.
36 citations
,
November 2019 in “Molecular biology and evolution” Cysteine-rich keratins evolved independently in mammals, reptiles, and birds for hard skin structures like hair, claws, and feathers.
1 citations
,
December 2024 in “Methods in molecular biology” Hair proteins are complex and provide valuable genetic and biological information.
Hairlessness in mammals is due to complex genetic changes in both genes and regulatory regions.
30 citations
,
September 2018 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Bleaching hair causes severe structural and chemical damage, including protein loss and oxidation.
91 citations
,
December 2000 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology” Scientists successfully created mouse hair proteins in the lab, which are stable and similar to natural hair.