23 citations
,
June 2014 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Glyoxylic acid is a safer alternative to formaldehyde for hair straightening and effectively changes hair structure.
7 citations
,
August 2018 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Chemical hair straightening improves smoothness and shine but may cause side effects, suggesting a need for safer methods.
December 2000 in “Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology” Hair care products are regulated, with shampoos, conditioners, dyes, and styling products designed for cleaning, enhancing, and maintaining hair.
2 citations
,
January 1995 in “Nihon Keshouhin Gijutsushakaishi/Journal of S C C./Nihon Keshouhin Gijutsushakai kaishi” Ethyl Carbitol is the best at preventing split ends in permed hair.
Hydrophobic modifications make human hair less affected by water.
September 2025 in “Sahel Journal of Life Sciences FUDMA” Chemical hair straighteners can severely damage hair and scalp with repeated use.
18 citations
,
July 2015 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Straightening and coloring hair, especially with sodium hydroxide, greatly increases protein loss.
58 citations
,
March 1985 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” The document concludes that electrolysis and thermolysis can permanently remove hair but calls for better regulation to ensure safety, and notes a possibility of hair regrowth and rare complications.
31 citations
,
June 2010 in “Journal of dermatology” Hair bleaching causes significant damage to hair and skin.
4 citations
,
July 2022 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Hair moisture behavior helps tell apart different chemical treatments and reveals insights into hair structure.
7 citations
,
January 2001 in “Comprehensive series in photosciences” UV radiation significantly damages hair, especially with humidity, making it more vulnerable to further damage.
September 2020 in “Benha Journal of Applied Sciences” Protein hair straighteners damage the hair more than hair dyes.
March 2020 in “Journal of Burn Care & Research” Hair highlighting can cause severe scalp burns, and surgery with psychological support improves recovery.
47 citations
,
January 2017 in “RSC Advances” Keratin peptides can change hair shape gently without harsh chemicals.
September 2011 in “European journal of cancer”
August 2005 in “Microscopy and Microanalysis” Polymethylene wax in hair relaxers makes hair smooth and shiny with less damage.
August 2023 in “Journal of Health and Beauty” K-30 treatment restores protein and weight in damaged hair, making it similar to healthy hair.
30 citations
,
September 2018 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Bleaching hair causes severe structural and chemical damage, including protein loss and oxidation.
23 citations
,
December 2001 in “Lasers in Surgery and Medicine” Permanent hair removal is hard, but using longer laser pulses at lower power might improve results.
9 citations
,
September 2012 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Hair capacitance mapping effectively measures hair surface moisture changes.
3 citations
,
May 2012 in “Journal of Biological Macromolecules” Keratin film can effectively mimic human hair for testing hair damage.
1 citations
,
January 2010 in “Biological and medical physics series” Human hair's structure and properties were studied using advanced microscopes and mechanical tests.
3 citations
,
January 2002 in “Springer eBooks” Alkaline hair relaxers damage hair, but cationic and non-ionic polymers can help reduce this damage.
2 citations
,
January 2022 in “Anais brasileiros de dermatologia/Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia” Chemical hair straighteners can cause scalp and hair damage, but long-term effects are unclear.
January 2021 in “Hair therapy & transplantation”
9 citations
,
September 1947 in “Archives of dermatology and syphilology” Electrolysis is better for permanent hair removal with less scarring.
1 citations
,
October 2009 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” A new keratin treatment can strengthen and protect aging hair.
December 2025 in “The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research” Ultrasonic and infrared treatments can improve hair strength and appearance with minimal damage.
2 citations
,
January 2011 Relaxers straighten African hair by breaking down its helical structure using strong bases.
1 citations
,
June 2014 in “[Thesis]. Manchester, UK: The University of Manchester; 2014.” Chemical modifications can alter hair's stability and flexibility, with hydrophobic interactions helping maintain structure in humid conditions.