37 citations
,
January 2009 in “Sexual Development” Fadrozole and Finasteride change frog sex ratios and cause intersex animals with altered gene expressions.
13 citations
,
September 2013 in “Steroids” The DHT immunoassay is unreliable due to high cross-reactivity with testosterone.
18 citations
,
December 2005 in “Journal of Medicinal Chemistry” A brominated phenoxy compound effectively inhibits a human enzyme and shows potential for clinical use.
3 citations
,
March 2016 in “Phytotherapy Research” The new compound was more effective than finasteride in reducing markers of hair loss and prostate issues in cell tests.
March 2010 in “Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation” Hirsutism in women can be a cosmetic issue or a sign of hormonal imbalance, treatable with hormonal and cosmetic methods.
August 2022 in “Indonesian Journal of Medical Chemistry and Bioinformatics” Certain herbal compounds might help prevent hair loss in menopausal women by activating Vitamin D receptors.
7 citations
,
July 1981 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” The normalized androgen ratio can help manage conditions with excess androgen activity in women.
15 citations
,
February 2019 in “Internal Medicine Journal” Australian doctors experienced in adult transgender healthcare mostly prescribe intramuscular testosterone and oral estradiol, recommend mental health assessments before hormone therapy, and support improved training and guidelines.
August 2022 in “IntechOpen eBooks” Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia is a rare inherited disease causing hormone imbalances, affecting growth, fertility, and heart health, diagnosed through blood tests and treated with medication and lifestyle changes.
June 2026 in “Scientific Reports” This study investigated the effects of systemic testosterone on XX skin, particularly in transgender individuals undergoing gender-affirming hormone treatment. Analyzing discarded skin samples from surgeries, researchers found that testosterone-treated skin showed a 2.77-fold increase in androgen receptor-positive cells, elevated estrogen and progesterone receptor-positive cell counts, a 43% reduction in CD45 positive immune cells, and a 2.93-fold increase in collagen density in the dermis. In the epidermis, there was a reduction in progesterone receptor-positive cells and increased fibronectin expression. These changes suggest that testosterone-treated XX skin develops characteristics similar to male skin, driven by altered sex steroid receptor expression, immune cell infiltration, and structural organization. The study emphasizes the need for further research to understand the mechanisms of testosterone-induced skin remodeling and its impact on surgical outcomes.
October 2021 in “Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council” Cyproterone acetate improves skin symptoms and quality of life in women with androgen-related issues.
5 citations
,
January 2007 in “Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology” 17β-Estradiol boosts allergic reactions and slows thymus aging in mice.
64 citations
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January 1985 in “Clinical endocrinology” A combination of desogestrel and ethinyl oestradiol effectively reduces hair growth in hirsute women.
219 citations
,
October 2009 in “Steroids” 5α-reductase inhibitors, like Finasteride and Dutasteride, help manage benign prostatic hyperplasia.
December 2016 in “Springer eBooks” Chrousos Syndrome is caused by mutations that make the body less sensitive to glucocorticoids, leading to various symptoms and requiring high-dose treatment.
4 citations
,
December 2022 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Treating non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is complex because the benefits of hormone treatment must be weighed against potential health risks.
April 2018 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” 17β-estradiol may help hair growth by increasing cannabinoid receptor type 1.
25 citations
,
January 1978 in “JAMA” Topical corticosteroids can cause serious side effects like Cushing's syndrome and hirsutism.
3 citations
,
February 2025 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study observed scalp hair parameter changes in transgender individuals over 24 weeks of gender-affirming hormone therapy. It found that masculinizing hormone therapy (MHT) with testosterone can lead to androgenetic alopecia (AGA), while feminizing hormone therapy (FHT) with estradiol and antiandrogens can improve hirsutism. The study highlights the role of sex steroids in influencing hair growth by affecting the hair cycle, with androgens shortening the anagen and telogen phases, and estrogens potentially prolonging anagen and inhibiting catagen.
15 citations
,
November 1983 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” Testosterone increases hamster hair growth; cyproterone acetate reduces it.
32 citations
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October 2003 Spironolactone is better than placebo for reducing excessive hair growth in women, but its effectiveness for acne is unclear due to small study sizes.
July 2016 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” Hirsutism treatment should focus more on patient needs and quality of life.
75 citations
,
November 2016 in “Medicines” Beta-sitosterol has potential health benefits but needs more research to fully understand its effects and improve its use in treatments.
45 citations
,
February 2005 in “Steroids” Four new compounds were more effective than finasteride in treating prostate issues and hair loss, with one being 100 times more active and safe for use.
8 citations
,
February 2010 in “Journal für Kardiologie (Krause & Pachernegg GmbH)” A new system helps better diagnose and treat female androgenization conditions like PCOS.
22 citations
,
December 1991 in “PubMed” 
August 1994 in “Journal of dermatological science” Active oxygen scavengers can reverse the suppression of hair cell growth caused by androgens.
November 2021 in “Elsevier eBooks” Antiandrogens are used to manage polycystic ovary syndrome by reducing androgen levels or controlling their effects, often combined with lifestyle changes and other treatments.
April 2016 in “Annals of laboratory medicine” The method reliably profiles eicosanoids and shows epitestosterone reduces their levels, similar to common anti-inflammatory drugs.
12 citations
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June 2019 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Allopregnanolone is needed for certain brain processing issues caused by D1 dopamine receptor activation.