138 citations
,
December 1976 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” The enzyme from human skin can cross-link proteins and needs calcium to work.
53 citations
,
June 1983 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The enzyme is crucial for skin cell development and can be activated without proteolytic activation.
105 citations
,
February 1996 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” The TGM3 gene's promoter region is key for skin and hair cell function and may aid gene therapy.
64 citations
,
April 1992 in “Differentiation” Sciellin is a protein that helps form protective layers in skin, hair, and nails.
118 citations
,
June 1993 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” Human and mouse TGase3 enzymes are similar but differ near the activation site, crucial for their function in skin and hair development.
The research found that people's hair proteins vary, especially by ethnicity and body part, which could help identify individuals in forensic science.
The research found that people's hair proteins vary by individual and body part, with some differences between ethnic groups, which could help in forensics.
253 citations
,
March 1994 in “Developmental dynamics” Apoptosis is essential for human skin development and forming a functional epidermis.
22 citations
,
November 2008 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Cystatin M/E helps in the final stages of hair and nail formation by controlling certain enzymes.
44 citations
,
March 2019 in “Experimental Dermatology” A wide range of proteins are integrated into the skin's protective layer.
8 citations
,
January 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Transglutaminase activity is important for skin and is found in both mammals and birds.
161 citations
,
June 1993 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” Trichohyalin helps in hair and skin cell structure and function by binding calcium and linking proteins.
100 citations
,
March 2006 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Cystatin M/E strongly inhibits cathepsin V and cathepsin L, important for skin formation.
23 citations
,
January 1986 Involucrin is crucial for skin cell maturation and protection.
48 citations
,
May 1991 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Trichohyalin is also found in the outer layers of normal human skin.
86 citations
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August 2011 in “Toxicological sciences” TCDD speeds up skin barrier formation by increasing certain gene expressions.
18 citations
,
June 1993 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Human hair follicles can be used to create skin-like tissue for wound healing and drug testing.
30 citations
,
August 2008 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” TGase 3 helps build hair structure by forming strong bonds between proteins.
96 citations
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April 2007 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Grafted rodent and human cells can regenerate hair follicles, but efficiency decreases with age.
16 citations
,
September 2018 in “Scientific reports” Scientists created keratinocyte cell lines from human hair that can differentiate similarly to normal skin cells, offering a new way to study skin biology and diseases.
77 citations
,
April 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Repetin is a protein involved in skin and hair development, binding calcium and compensating for other proteins when needed.
September 2016 in “Journal of dermatological science” Collagen XVII is crucial for skin cell growth and nail health.
10 citations
,
November 2018 in “Genetics in medicine” Lack of cystatin M/E causes thin hair and dry skin.
28 citations
,
August 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” TG5 helps maintain hair follicle health, while TG3 aids in hair shaft development.
7 citations
,
December 2011 in “Annals of anatomy” Involucrin helps strengthen the inner parts of human hair.
11 citations
,
January 2010 in “Dermatology Research and Practice” Desmosomes are crucial for human skin development, increasing in density as the skin matures.
September 2019 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Not having enough cystatin M/E protein causes less hair growth and dry skin.
46 citations
,
September 2013 in “PLOS ONE” Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone helps heal wounds in frog and human skin.
8 citations
,
February 2025 in “Frontiers in Medicine” IGF-1, KGF, and stem cells help skin cells move and survive, potentially speeding up wound healing.
Transglutaminases help form strong hair by linking proteins, and can potentially alter hair properties.