195 citations
,
November 2019 in “Clinica Chimica Acta” High levels of male hormones, insulin resistance, and obesity are closely linked and worsen polycystic ovary syndrome, but more research is needed to improve treatments.
October 2023 in “IntechOpen eBooks” Genes and epigenetic changes are important in the development of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
11 citations
,
January 2023 in “World Journal of Clinical Cases” Idiopathic hirsutism might not be truly idiopathic but could be an early stage of hyperandrogenic disorders.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A rare pituitary tumor in an 18-year-old male caused hormonal issues and vision loss, requiring surgery and further treatment.
25 citations
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June 2012 in “Endocrine” PCOS may start before birth, involves metabolic issues, and can be treated with drugs like metformin and lifestyle changes.
1 citations
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January 2016 in “International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology” Hypothyroidism may worsen metabolic problems like insulin resistance and obesity in women with PCOS.
9 citations
,
June 2016 in “The Cerebellum” 
2 citations
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April 2013 in “Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism” Identifying nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia and carriers of CYP21 mutations is challenging, and genetic counseling is recommended due to their prevalence.
26 citations
,
March 1981 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Oestrogen does not affect adrenal androgen levels in children and adolescents.
53 citations
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April 2016 in “PubMed” The document discussed the endocrine and metabolic characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a condition often causing hirsutism in 5-25% of women. PCOS was described as a multiorgan disease affecting various endocrine organs and was linked to abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, and increased inflammation, contributing to a vicious cycle of symptoms. The study highlighted the need for screening PCOS patients for metabolic syndrome elements and suggested that prolactin and HbA1c levels could indicate cardiovascular risk. Treatment options included lifestyle changes, metformin, and oral contraceptive pills (OCP), with metformin showing minor weight loss benefits and OCP improving sex-hormone levels but causing slight weight gain. The study emphasized the importance of combined treatment with metformin and OCP, even for normal-weight patients, and called for more data to optimize patient evaluation and treatment strategies.
55 citations
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May 2019 in “Journal of Endocrinology” Androgens are important for female fertility and could help in IVF treatment, but also play a role in causing PCOS.
December 2013 in “Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences” A woman's excessive hair growth and high testosterone were caused by a rare ovarian tumor, which was successfully treated with surgery.
131 citations
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August 2004 in “Best Practice & Research in Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology” The conclusion is that PCOS is caused by ovarian sensitivity to hormones and disrupted hormone control, possibly due to ovarian factors, and more research is needed.
2 citations
,
November 2019 in “Journal für Klinische Endokrinologie und Stoffwechsel” PCOS is a common hormonal disorder in women, treated with lifestyle changes and hormonal therapy.
14 citations
,
September 2007 in “Steroids” The study concluded that androstendione and DHEA are important for diagnosing high male hormone levels in women with excessive hair growth.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” An 8-year-old boy's early puberty was caused by a rare hormone-secreting brain tumor, which was successfully treated with surgery.
Finasteride affects prostate development differently in male and female Mongolian gerbils.
September 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Prostaglandin D2 increases testosterone production in skin cells through a process involving reactive oxygen species, which could be a new target for treating hair loss and other skin conditions driven by testosterone.
July 2024 in “International Journal of Chemical and Biological Sciences” Glypican-4 may help indicate insulin sensitivity and lipid issues in women with PCOS.
20 citations
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June 1985 in “Toxicologic Pathology” Some steroid-induced health issues in rodents improved after stopping treatment, but hair loss and eye problems did not.
2 citations
,
May 2017 in “International journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences/International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences” Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome is a rare genetic disorder caused by a specific gene mutation, characterized by aging symptoms and managed by monitoring heart health and using low-dose aspirin.
151 citations
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December 2004 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia is a genetic disorder with two forms, causing symptoms like early puberty and severe acne, but can be identified through screening and treated with glucocorticoids.
January 2011 in “Revista Portuguesa de Endocrinologia Diabetes e Metabolismo” Congenital adrenal hyperplasia may be linked to adrenal myelolipoma.
11 citations
,
October 2010 in “Behavioural Brain Research” Early neurosteroid changes can alter adult brain function and behavior.
Cyproterone acetate is an effective treatment for women with acne, hair loss, and excessive hair growth.
77 citations
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March 2004 in “Human Reproduction” Women with irregular periods and/or excessive body hair are more likely to have polycystic ovaries, and this condition is linked to higher health risks.
February 2010 in “ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)” Male sexual differentiation is regulated independently, while female differentiation occurs in an androgenic environment, affecting conditions like congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
2 citations
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April 2023 in “BMC endocrine disorders” The link between physical signs of high male hormones and hormone levels in women with PCOS changes with age.
Many women with postadolescent acne also have hormonal imbalances and are at higher risk for metabolic issues.
85 citations
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June 2006 in “Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The document concludes that hirsutism is the main sign for diagnosing hyperandrogenism, which requires a detailed patient history and physical exam.