January 2022 in “World journal of pharmaceutical sciences” Many women with polycystic ovarian disease show symptoms like excessive hair growth, acne, hair loss, and have high levels of certain hormones.
January 2014 in “Healthy aging research” Polycystic ovarian disease symptoms can continue after menopause, making diagnosis and management in older women challenging.
June 2003 in “Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey” Postmenopausal ovary stromal cells have a unique makeup and limited steroid production, suggesting androgens come from the adrenal gland.
18 citations
,
December 2010 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Increased HSD11B1 enzyme expression is linked to higher body fat and insulin resistance.
February 1976 in “PubMed” Sex hormone therapy is effective for certain skin conditions like acne and seborrhea, but less so for female hair loss and excessive hair growth.
October 2023 in “IJEM case reports” A 15-year-old girl with no menstrual period was diagnosed with a genetic condition that makes her body unable to respond to male hormones, leading to female characteristics despite having male genetic makeup.
20 citations
,
January 2003 in “Treatments in Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy can help improve mood, sexual function, and bone health in women with low androgen levels, but more research is needed to establish safe and effective guidelines.
12 citations
,
August 2011 in “European Journal of Endocrinology” Anti-Müllerian hormone is a specific marker for ovarian issues in women with conditions like PCOS.
May 2026 in “Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council” Menopausal hormone therapy can improve skin and hair health in menopausal women.
9 citations
,
March 2009 in “Endocrine Practice”
2 citations
,
January 2016 in “US Endocrinology” Scalp hair thinning in women with PCOS is linked to metabolic issues like abnormal glucose tolerance, high LDL, and skipped meals.
6 citations
,
April 1989 in “The American Journal of the Medical Sciences” Glucocorticoids can cause long-term loss of body hair by lowering adrenal androgens.
22 citations
,
September 1994 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Finasteride reduces dihydrotestosterone, increases testosterone, and may treat hirsutism in women.
21 citations
,
January 2017 in “European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology” Acne is an important sign of androgen excess disorders in women.
October 2025 in “Česká gynekologie” Hyperprolactinemia is the most common cause of secondary amenorrhea, followed by drug use.
July 2023 in “JCEM Case Reports” A 36-year-old woman with low potassium levels was found to have Cushing disease, and after treatment, her potassium levels normalized.
3 citations
,
May 2002 in “PubMed” The document concludes that treatment for excessive hair growth depends on the cause, with options including hair removal methods and medications like anti-androgens or insulin-sensitizing drugs.
4 citations
,
April 2017 in “International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology” The study concluded that a higher waist-hip ratio significantly increases the risk of metabolic syndrome in women with PCOS.
The paper suggests that a decrease in estrogen receptor activity may cause sexual dysfunction syndromes and proposes hormonal treatments.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects about 10% of women, is often linked to obesity and family history, and can cause irregular periods, fertility issues, and other symptoms. It's usually managed with lifestyle changes, weight loss, and medication.
3 citations
,
November 2005 in “Women's health” Excessive body hair in women can be caused by various conditions and treated with medication like Diane® 35 or androgen blockers.
September 2024 in “Pediatrics in Review” Parental support and gender-affirming care are crucial for the mental health of transgender adolescents.
12 citations
,
April 1987 in “PubMed” Low-dose spironolactone is safe and effective for treating hirsutism.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Hormone Replacement Therapy improves skin health in postmenopausal women by boosting collagen and hydration.
September 2021 in “GLOBAL JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH ANALYSIS” The hormonal contraceptive combination effectively reduces androgen excess and improves PCOS symptoms like acne, hair loss, and menstrual issues.
3 citations
,
June 2024 in “Journal of Neuroendocrinology” Many women with PCOS have abnormal cholesterol levels, needing careful management.
10 citations
,
January 2015 in “Przeglad Menopauzalny” Progestogens are essential in menopausal hormone therapy to prevent uterine cancer and must be chosen carefully based on individual needs.
September 2016 in “Gynecology Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine” Effective treatment for skin issues in women with PCOS includes oral contraceptives, antiandrogens, and other medications and procedures.
January 2024 in “Cosmetics” Menopause worsens skin, hair, and nails, affecting self-esteem and quality of life.
March 2025 in “Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism” Rodent models of PCOS show some hormone changes similar to humans, but also have key differences.