25 citations
,
August 2006 in “Human Reproduction” Oral contraceptives lower testosterone levels in women, especially those with certain genetic traits, and may be linked to increased breast cancer risk.
37 citations
,
February 2010 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Androgen self-administration might be controlled by membrane receptors, not nuclear ones.
26 citations
,
November 1993 in “Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry” Treatment during development affects hormone balance and sexual behavior in male rats.
24 citations
,
September 2001 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Women's ovarian hormones and adrenal androgens change throughout life, affecting hair loss and health.
89 citations
,
August 2013 in “PloS one” Androgen receptors are active in many tissues of both male and female mice, not just reproductive organs.
2 citations
,
September 2025 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” SARMs show promise but need more evidence to prove they're better than traditional androgens.
658 citations
,
June 2003 in “Endocrine reviews” Male hormones may play a role in the development of heart disease, and more research is needed to understand their effects.
70 citations
,
March 2016 in “Urologic Clinics of North America” The document explains how the male reproductive system works, its role in making testosterone, and how conditions like obesity can disrupt it, leading to low testosterone and fertility issues.
35 citations
,
May 2022 in “Baillière's best practice and research in clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Baillière's best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Androgens like testosterone are important hormones for both men and women, made differently in each sex and affecting the body by regulating genes and quick interactions with cell components.
13 citations
,
February 2021 in “Brain Sciences” Androgens improve memory in adolescent male rats by acting on brain receptors.
13 citations
,
July 2018 in “General and comparative endocrinology” Thyroid hormones and androgens affect gene expression in frog reproductive organs differently between males and females.
4 citations
,
July 2022 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” Clascoterone 1% cream is a promising new treatment for acne.
2 citations
,
January 2022 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” Dexamethasone increases the activity of androgen receptors in human skin cells, which may link it to certain types of hair loss.
1 citations
,
June 2022 in “Frontiers in Neuroanatomy” Early hormones shape sex-specific differences in rat glands.
December 2023 in “Frontiers in endocrinology” Excess androgens may cause PCOS, not just be a symptom.
May 2015 in “Endocrinología y nutrición” The conclusion is that adult males with muscle weakness and hormonal imbalances should be tested for Kennedy's disease.
February 2010 in “ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)” Male sexual differentiation is regulated independently, while female differentiation occurs in an androgenic environment, affecting conditions like congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
33 citations
,
December 2015 in “Neuroendocrinology” Finasteride treatment changes brain steroid levels and receptors, affecting brain function even after stopping treatment.
5 citations
,
December 1979 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” Anti-androgens are effective for female acne but less so for male-pattern hair loss, with side effects similar to birth control pills.
4 citations
,
September 2024 in “BMC Cancer” Adding dutasteride to therapy may improve treatment for advanced salivary duct cancer.
3 citations
,
April 2015 in “American journal of biomedical sciences” Androgens play a key role in hair growth and disorders like baldness and excessive hairiness.
September 2023 in “Biology of reproduction” New testosterone analogs show promise for male contraception with better activity and potentially fewer side effects.
70 citations
,
March 2010 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Blocking a specific enzyme might help treat obesity and diabetes, but more research is needed to ensure it's safe.
182 citations
,
June 2002 in “Journal of Neuroscience” Androgens can help prevent memory problems caused by apoE4.
93 citations
,
February 2009 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” 5α‐reductase isozymes are crucial for prostate development and health, and targeting them can help prevent and treat prostate issues.
27 citations
,
January 1984 in “Pharmacology & Therapeutics” Antiandrogens have important biological effects, but more research is needed to understand them fully and compare their effectiveness and side effects to other treatments.
12 citations
,
September 2017 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” Testosterone significantly affects sexual desire in both men and women, but its impact on women is more complex and influenced by psychological factors.
9 citations
,
January 1997 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” The document concludes that treating androgen excess needs patience, managing expectations is important, and many drugs used are not officially approved, suggesting cosmetic options for mild cases.
4 citations
,
August 2019 in “General and Comparative Endocrinology” Male yak hair growth is influenced by DHT synthesis, which is promoted by 5α-red1 and AR during growth phases, while E2 may inhibit growth through ERα.
157 citations
,
April 1994 in “Clinical endocrinology” Androgens can cause hair growth in some areas and hair loss on the scalp.