176 citations
,
August 2015 in “The journal of allergy and clinical immunology/Journal of allergy and clinical immunology/The journal of allergy and clinical immunology” Alopecia areata involves immune activation in the scalp, suggesting treatments targeting TH1, TH2, and IL-23 pathways.
144 citations
,
November 2020 in “Frontiers in immunology” Targeting the IL-23/IL-17 pathway effectively treats several inflammatory skin diseases.
140 citations
,
March 2013 in “The journal of immunology/The Journal of immunology” Memory regulatory T cells need IL-7, not IL-2, to stay in peripheral tissues.
48 citations
,
January 2024 in “Immune Network” IL-15 is key for T cell function and could help improve treatments for immune-related diseases.
5 citations
,
June 2022 in “Frontiers in immunology” Increasing Treg cells in the skin does not cure hair loss from alopecia areata in mice.
101 citations
,
July 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” UVB exposure in human skin causes macrophages to produce more IL-10 and less IL-12, leading to immunosuppression.
40 citations
,
July 2015 in “Kidney International” IL-3 worsens lupus nephritis and blocking it improves kidney health.
22 citations
,
September 2020 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” The study's results on the effectiveness of low-dose IL-2 for alopecia areata and its impact on immune cells were not provided.
20 citations
,
December 2019 in “The journal of allergy and clinical immunology/Journal of allergy and clinical immunology/The journal of allergy and clinical immunology” Blocking IL-12/IL-23 does not help with hair loss in alopecia areata for mice or humans.
20 citations
,
November 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” IFN-γ and IL-2 are important for T cell activation in hair loss in mice.
14 citations
,
July 2021 in “Anais brasileiros de dermatologia/Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia” Interleukin levels are higher in alopecia areata patients but don't predict disease severity or duration.
6 citations
,
October 2021 in “Biomedical Research and Therapy” Alopecia areata patients have higher levels of IL-6 and TNF-α.
3 citations
,
January 2023 in “JEADV Clinical Practice” IL-17 is more important than IFN-γ in causing severe hair loss in chronic alopecia areata.
2 citations
,
September 2020 in “Journal of Education Health and Sport” Higher IL-15 levels are linked to more severe hair loss in alopecia areata.
December 2025 in “Cureus” Higher IL-17A and IL-23 levels are linked to alopecia areata severity and could help in tracking and treating the disease.
November 2025 in “The Journal of Immunology” A humanized IL-2 fusion protein boosts T regulatory cells and helps control hair loss in Alopecia Areata.
September 2025 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Ritlecitinib may help treat alopecia areata by protecting hair follicles.
July 2024 in “Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics” These gene variations are not linked to alopecia areata in Egyptians.
December 2023 in “Research Square (Research Square)” These specific gene polymorphisms are not linked to Alopecia Areata in Egyptians.
December 2023 in “International journal of multidisciplinary research and analysis” SH-MSCs gel can effectively treat alopecia by increasing IL-10 and decreasing TNF-α gene expression.
November 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Blocking TYK2 might be a new way to treat hair loss from alopecia areata.
July 2022 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” IL-15 helps maintain hair growth and protects the immune status of hair follicles.
January 2022 in “The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine” Higher IL-21 levels may help predict alopecia areata activity.
23 citations
,
January 2016 in “Frontiers in immunology” Using low-dose IL-2 to increase regulatory T cells might be a safe way to treat type 1 diabetes without severe side effects.
Tofacitinib and low-dose IL-2 may help maintain hair regrowth in alopecia areata without ongoing treatment.
7 citations
,
February 2015 in “Journal of comparative pathology” CD8+ T cells play a key role in graft-versus-host disease in certain mice models.
181 citations
,
January 2019 in “Cell” Innate lymphoid cells help control skin bacteria by regulating sebaceous glands.
125 citations
,
September 2019 in “Journal of Clinical Immunology” Foxp3 is crucial for regulatory T cell function, and targeting these cells may help treat immune disorders.
49 citations
,
January 2018 in “Immunology” Psoriasis is linked to other autoimmune diseases and involves a specific inflammatory process.
40 citations
,
October 2012 in “Dermatologic clinics” More research is needed to understand the genetic causes of Alopecia areata to develop better treatments.