50 citations
,
March 2011 in “European Journal of Endocrinology” Spironolactone improved blood vessel function and cholesterol levels in non-obese women with PCOS.
30 citations
,
November 2018 in “Fertility and Sterility” Young women with PCOS have a higher risk of high blood pressure and metabolic syndrome, but these risks may decrease after age 40.
7 citations
,
June 2020 in “Translational Andrology and Urology” Finasteride for hair loss may cause lasting sexual, genitourinary, mental, and anti-androgenic side effects in young men.
1 citations
,
October 2025 in “International Journal of Nanomedicine” Exosomes could revolutionize skin disease treatment and healing.
September 2025 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” Retinoic acid may help heal skin without scars by reducing fibrosis and supporting skin regeneration.
2 citations
,
May 2015 in “PloS one” Hair follicle pores help cell survival and growth, even after radiation.
1514 citations
,
December 2011 in “Fertility and sterility” Experts agree that PCOS affects women's health in complex ways, but more research is needed to understand and treat it effectively.
991 citations
,
January 2011 in “Nature Reviews Endocrinology” The document concludes that PCOS is a complex disorder caused by both genetic and environmental factors, affecting women's health in various ways, and requires personalized treatment.
815 citations
,
April 2010 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Women with PCOS should be screened for heart disease risk and manage their health to prevent it.
658 citations
,
June 2003 in “Endocrine reviews” Male hormones may play a role in the development of heart disease, and more research is needed to understand their effects.
467 citations
,
October 2014 in “European Journal of Endocrinology” The European Society of Endocrinology advises individualized long-term management for PCOS, focusing on lifestyle changes, accurate diagnosis, and treatments for associated health risks and symptoms.
418 citations
,
June 2003 in “Endocrine Reviews” While PCOS might increase the risk of heart disease, there's not strong evidence to prove it causes earlier heart problems.
414 citations
,
August 2005 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Polycystic ovary syndrome costs the U.S. over $4 billion a year, mainly from treating related health issues.
374 citations
,
May 2016 in “The Lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology” Cushing's syndrome can cause serious health problems, and early treatment is crucial, but some issues may remain after treatment.
356 citations
,
September 2014 in “Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology” Childhood obesity is rising globally due to various factors, and early prevention and healthy lifestyle changes are crucial.
343 citations
,
December 2008 in “Endocrine Reviews” Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.
336 citations
,
August 2015 in “European Journal of Epidemiology” The Rotterdam Study found risk factors for elderly diseases, links between lifestyle and genetics with health conditions, and aimed to explore new areas like DNA methylation and sensory input effects on brain function.
282 citations
,
October 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.
270 citations
,
April 2007 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Women with PCOS often have more belly fat and higher insulin levels, but belly fat isn't the only cause of their insulin resistance.
249 citations
,
November 2003 in “Clinical endocrinology” Insulin resistance is a key factor in polycystic ovary syndrome, but genetics may also contribute.
247 citations
,
August 2011 in “European Journal of Epidemiology” The Rotterdam Study updated its design and objectives in 2012, providing insights into various diseases in the elderly, including skin cancer, bone health, liver disease, neurological and psychiatric conditions, and respiratory issues.
219 citations
,
September 2009 in “European journal of epidemiology” The Rotterdam Study aims to understand various diseases in older adults.
200 citations
,
October 2009 in “European journal of endocrinology” Metformin helps manage polycystic ovary syndrome by improving insulin resistance and ovulation, but more research is needed on its full effects.
176 citations
,
June 2017 in “Sexual Medicine Reviews” Erectile dysfunction is increasingly common in men under 40, with many physical and psychological causes, and various treatment options available.
162 citations
,
April 2016 in “The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy in transgender men has both desired effects like increased muscle mass and potential health risks such as higher cardiovascular risk.
162 citations
,
January 2015 in “Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism” Women with PCOS face higher risks of diabetes and heart disease, and these risks increase with obesity.
157 citations
,
May 2021 in “Endocrine Reviews” Early diagnosis and individualized treatment improve outcomes for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.
119 citations
,
November 2009 in “Human Reproduction” Women with PCOS and higher androgen levels are more likely to have fatty liver disease.
116 citations
,
December 2013 in “European journal of endocrinology” Combining liraglutide and metformin helps obese women with PCOS who didn't lose weight on metformin alone to lose more weight.
114 citations
,
January 2014 in “World Journal of Gastroenterology” People with PCOS, especially if obese, often have NAFLD, linked to obesity, insulin resistance, and high androgen levels.