5 citations
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December 2018 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Differences in androgen receptor expression and tissue properties may lead to higher cryptorchidism risk in certain rats.
57 citations
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February 1983 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Dihydrotestosterone increases the activity of an enzyme in pubic skin cells that converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone.
5 citations
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July 2009 in “Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes” Nuclear AR levels give better insight into hormone effects in skin conditions.
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July 1987 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”
53 citations
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May 1986 in “Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism” Androgens like testosterone affect hair growth and oil production differently across body parts and individuals.
36 citations
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July 2022 in “Journal of Medicinal Chemistry” Therapies targeting the androgen receptor are being developed to treat prostate cancer and improve bone and muscle health.
31 citations
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March 2010 in “Molecular Endocrinology” Androgens like testosterone increase colon muscle contractions by affecting calcium pathways.
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September 2010 in “UEF eRepo (University of Eastern Finland)” Androgen receptors help prostate cancer cells grow and resist drugs.
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April 1995 in “Mayo Clinic Proceedings” Leydig cells can cause testosterone-secreting adrenal tumors in women.
5 citations
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June 2018 in “Elsevier eBooks” Testosterone is important for male sexual traits, reproduction, muscle and bone health, blood production, and metabolism, and works both directly and after being changed into other hormones.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Androgens reduce THY1 in skin cells, leading to less fat, more fibrosis, and worse healing in males.
January 1995 in “Adolescent and pediatric gynecology” Mutations in the androgen receptor gene cause different levels of androgen insensitivity, making it hard to create simple tests for the condition.
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March 1989 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” High-dose androgen therapy can help manage certain types of androgen resistance.
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January 1989 in “Archives of biochemistry and biophysics” Male rats have androgen receptors in their liver, which are different from proteins that bind estrogen.
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August 2021 in “Nutrition research” Estrogen affects how vitamin A is processed in mouse skin, which may impact acne treatment, hair growth, and skin defense.
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January 2012 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Too much AKR1C3 enzyme causes resistance to finasteride by increasing testosterone.
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May 1986 in “Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism” Androstanediol glucuronide is a reliable marker for hirsutism in women.
29 citations
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May 1988 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Fibroblasts help understand androgen resistance at the cellular level.
173 citations
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July 1995 in “Biochemical and biophysical research communications” Male hormones promote hair cell growth by using a growth factor from nearby skin cells.
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July 2015 in “Gene” DHT affects bone growth by altering gene activity in osteoblasts, potentially complicating steroid use.
3 citations
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May 2017 in “Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters” New compounds were made that are promising for prostate cancer therapy.
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December 1997 in “Calcified Tissue International” Higher androgen levels and site-specific AR expression cause sex-related skeletal differences, and certain steroids can boost AR expression and androgen effects in bone cells.
111 citations
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May 2001 in “Human reproduction update” Insufficient androgen action in male fetuses can cause genital development issues due to genetic mutations or environmental chemicals.
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January 1984 in “Pharmacology & Therapeutics” Antiandrogens have important biological effects, but more research is needed to understand them fully and compare their effectiveness and side effects to other treatments.
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February 2004 in “Veterinary Dermatology” Canine hair follicle cells metabolize DHEA and testosterone differently than human cells.
20 citations
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September 2005 in “Endocrinology” Certain changes to the B-ring of androgen receptor ligands can increase their effectiveness for potential treatments of muscle and bone conditions.