77 citations
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July 2013 in “Best Practice & Research in Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology” Menopause reduces skin collagen and elasticity, and while estrogen therapy can help, its risks require careful consideration.
November 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Estetrol may help prevent hair loss and support hair growth in women.
1 citations
,
September 2025 in “EMJ Dermatology” Menopause affects skin and hair, and more research is needed for effective treatments.
11 citations
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January 2014 in “CellBio” Sex steroids, especially progesterone, can slow down the growth of mouse melanoma cells.
January 2007 in “xPharm: The Comprehensive Pharmacology Reference” July 2013 in “e-Jurnal Medika Udayana” Estrogen helps promote hair growth in women with androgenetic alopecia.
September 2017 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” The reconstructed skin model from hair follicles functions like human skin in processing chemicals and can be used to test ingredient safety.
123 citations
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December 1997 in “Calcified Tissue International” Higher androgen levels and site-specific AR expression cause sex-related skeletal differences, and certain steroids can boost AR expression and androgen effects in bone cells.
66 citations
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August 1999 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Women with acromegaly often have irregular periods due to hormone imbalances and growth hormone effects.
2 citations
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October 1999 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” Melatonin and cortisol affect mink winter hair growth, but β-endorphin levels do not.
April 2020 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Women with PCOS may have a reduced ability to fight breast tumor cells over time.
24 citations
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September 2001 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Women's ovarian hormones and adrenal androgens change throughout life, affecting hair loss and health.
37 citations
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June 1996 in “Journal of cellular physiology” Retinoic acid, glucocorticoids, and IGF1 increase IGFBP-3 production in human dermal papilla cells, affecting hair growth.
July 2010 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Hair loss in women may have multiple causes, and eyebrow regrowth possible with specific injections.
1 citations
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February 2017 in “Journal of gynecology and womens health” The document concluded that more research is needed to understand how estrogen affects the enzyme involved in hirsutism development.
24 citations
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July 2016 in “Steroids” Progesterone and testosterone protect brain cells from damage through specific pathways.
27 citations
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October 2011 in “British Journal of Dermatology” ESR2 gene variations may be linked to female pattern hair loss.
19 citations
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October 2017 in “The FASEB Journal” Male hormones cause different growth in identical human hair follicles due to their unique epigenetic characteristics.
3 citations
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May 2011 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” A woman's excessive hair growth around a leg ulcer was linked to a treatment with Prostaglandin E1 ointment.
4 citations
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August 2019 in “General and Comparative Endocrinology” Male yak hair growth is influenced by DHT synthesis, which is promoted by 5α-red1 and AR during growth phases, while E2 may inhibit growth through ERα.
3 citations
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April 2010 in “The FASEB Journal” Estrogen and MLL enzymes work together to regulate genes important for hair growth and leukemia.
8 citations
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August 2015 in “Endocrine” 25 citations
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February 1977 in “American Journal of Veterinary Research” Increasing daylight to 16 hours in winter can make mares ovulate and cycle earlier.
202 citations
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January 1989 in “Journal of Clinical Investigation” Insulin changes sex hormone levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome without affecting other hormone releases.
5 citations
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January 2023 in “Nature cell biology” A specific signal from hair cells controls the tightening of the surrounding muscle, which is necessary for hair shedding.
201 citations
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May 2001 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences” Overexpression of COX-2 in mice skin causes abnormal skin and hair development.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's high testosterone and related symptoms were caused by overactive cells in her ovaries.
13 citations
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January 2005 in “Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin” Smaller substituents at C-17 enhance the inhibitory activity of progesterone derivatives on 5alpha-reductase.
52 citations
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June 2013 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The research found that anovulatory young women have higher androgen and hormone levels than those who ovulate, suggesting immature hormonal regulation rather than a specific condition.
October 2024 in “Scientific Reports” OXTR agonists may promote hair growth and be effective for treating hair loss.