9 citations
,
January 1997 in “Endocrine Journal” Gonadal biopsy is the best method to diagnose gonadal dysgenesis.
October 2023 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” The document concludes that doctors should thoroughly check postmenopausal women with sudden increased male traits for rare conditions like androgen-producing endometrial cancer.
January 2021 in “Voprosy ginekologii akušerstva i perinatologii” Effective management of hyperandrogenism in young women requires accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment.
2 citations
,
October 2015 in “The New England Journal of Medicine” The woman's surgery lowered her testosterone and improved scalp hair loss but did not change her excessive body hair.
143 citations
,
August 1991 in “Endocrinology” Androgens, like testosterone, are crucial for early testicular descent in rats.
10 citations
,
December 2018 in “Medical Science Monitor” The MAPK/ERK pathway is crucial in controlling cell growth and death in finasteride-induced hypospadias.
November 2023 in “Scientific Papers Journal VETERINARY SERIES” Platelet-rich plasma can boost embryo production and implantation in mammals.
June 2014 in “The Journal of Urology”
2 citations
,
September 2004 in “Fertility and sterility” High androgen levels can cause excessive hair growth and may indicate serious health issues, including heart disease and fertility problems.
7 citations
,
October 2019 in “Case reports in endocrinology” A young woman's symptoms suggested PCOS, but tests and surgery confirmed and treated a rare ovarian tumor, resolving her condition.
November 2016 in “Elsevier eBooks” Genetic mutations can affect female sexual development, requiring personalized medical care.
21 citations
,
July 2019 in “Cardiovascular Research” High levels of male hormones in pregnant mice cause heart enlargement and poor heart function in their female babies.
26 citations
,
September 2005 in “Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior” 5alpha-reductase 2 is crucial for proper male brain development and sexual differentiation.
2 citations
,
February 2022 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Antiandrogenic pretreatment for women with PCOS does not improve fertility outcomes and delays pregnancy.
44 citations
,
May 2022 in “Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics” 31 citations
,
September 2020 in “Clinical endocrinology” Some antiandrogens may lower testosterone better than others, but it's unclear which is best for feminization in transgender women; more research is needed.
January 2026 in “Elsevier eBooks”
January 2023 in “The Annals of african surgery” Hormone treatment before hypospadias surgery can increase penis size and reduce surgery complications.
August 2013 in “Fertility and Sterility” PCOS may be influenced by factors in the blood, not just the ovaries.
3 citations
,
March 1992 in “Journal of clinical pathology” Most women with excess hair growth need only a clinical evaluation and minimal tests unless they show signs of virilism.
2 citations
,
November 2019 in “Case reports in women's health” Ovarian vein sampling helped diagnose rare ovarian tumors causing high testosterone, and surgery to remove the tumors lowered the testosterone levels.
September 2024 in “Uro-Technology Journal” 2 citations
,
December 2017 in “Theriogenology” Testosterone increases acidification in the vas deferens by up-regulating V-ATPase.
7 citations
,
December 1987 in “Fertility and sterility” The vellus index is a simple, quick, and reliable method to assess and monitor hair growth, especially in hirsutism.
2 citations
,
August 2021 in “The Journal of Urology” The procedure involving seminal vesiculoscopy, TURED, and balloon dilation effectively treated a man's hematospermia and improved his dysorgasmia.
Finasteride causes reproductive changes in male rats.
46 citations
,
August 2006 in “PubMed” A genetic defect causes males in some Mediterranean populations to be born with ambiguous genitalia and develop male traits at puberty.
September 2020 in “Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing” A 10-year-old boy with abnormal genital development had surgery and tests to find the cause and plan treatment.
September 2018 in “Fertility and Sterility” African American women have a higher risk of preterm delivery than Caucasian women, and inflammatory stimuli affect gene expression in cells related to PCOS, showing a heightened inflammatory state in women with PCOS.
January 2005 in “Elsevier eBooks” Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinism are linked to fertility issues and can worsen symptoms of PCOS.