16 citations
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August 2023 in “JAAD Case Reports” JAK inhibitors, like ruxolitinib, may effectively treat frontal fibrosing alopecia.
44 citations
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June 2023 in “Cell Reports” IL-1 promotes fat cell growth in skin, while WNT inhibits it and encourages scar formation.
4 citations
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September 2018 in “The Journal of Dermatology” A man's hair regrew from alopecia areata after using tofacitinib and experiencing contact dermatitis from a wig device.
January 2014 in “eScholarship (California Digital Library)” Toll-like receptor 3 helps repair the skin barrier after UV damage.
April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Cyclosporin A, a drug, reduces TGF-β2 expression in skin cells, potentially causing excessive hair growth through a process involving the calcineurin/NFAT pathway.
1 citations
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May 2022 in “European Journal of Dermatology” Longer treatment with vismodegib lowers relapse risk in basal cell carcinoma.
January 2015 in “ScholarlyCommons (University of Pennsylvania)” IL-19 and IL-24 help cells respond to DNA damage and could be targeted for cancer and age-related disease treatments.
79 citations
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September 2018 in “Dermatologic therapy” Oral tofacitinib can significantly improve recalcitrant lichen planopilaris.
86 citations
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April 2016 in “Nature Communications” Notch1 helps skin heal by attracting specific immune cells.
June 2021 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” JAK inhibitors show promise for treating alopecia areata but their effectiveness and safety are still debated.
2 citations
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February 2023 in “Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas” Baricitinib effectively improved both atopic dermatitis and alopecia areata symptoms in a patient.
November 2025 in “The Journal of Immunology” Different γδ T cell types have unique roles in causing alopecia areata.
40 citations
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March 2019 in “Nature Communications” CRAC channels are crucial for the development and function of specialized immune cells, preventing severe inflammation and autoimmune diseases.
15 citations
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November 2024 in “Journal of Advanced Research” miR-3606-3p reduces skin fibrosis by blocking key signaling pathways.
March 2026 in “Journal of Translational Autoimmunity” Ruxolitinib helps regrow hair in alopecia areata by blocking inflammation, reducing stress, and controlling cell death.
12 citations
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May 2020 in “Dermatology and therapy” A young woman had a rare skin reaction to a medication for her joint disease, and a combination therapy improved her condition.
11 citations
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June 2019 in “Journal of dermatology” New medicines that block a specific pathway are showing promise for treating severe hair loss but need more testing for safety and effectiveness.
CD4 T cells need IFN-γ to cause hair loss in alopecia areata.
17 citations
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May 2022 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Reprogramming macrophages to resolve inflammation can help reduce severe COVID-19 complications.
16 citations
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May 1998 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Stress hormones like cortisol may trigger psoriasis flare-ups.
ILC1-like cells can independently cause alopecia areata by affecting hair follicles.
January 2024 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Targeting Interleukin-13 could help treat alopecia areata linked with atopic dermatitis.
July 2022 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” IL-15 helps maintain hair growth and protects the immune status of hair follicles.
20 citations
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November 2017 in “JAAD case reports” Ustekinumab significantly improved psoriasis, vitiligo, and alopecia areata in a patient.
Upadacitinib effectively treated a patient with multiple inflammatory conditions.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Switching Janus kinase inhibitors helped some patients with severe alopecia areata regrow hair, but insurance issues can worsen the condition.
1 citations
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April 2024 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” May 2026 in “Acta Dermato Venereologica” Early treatment with JAK inhibitors leads to better hair regrowth in acute alopecia areata.
May 2025 in “The Journal of Rheumatology” Mixed Connective Tissue Disease can develop from overlapping symptoms of several autoimmune diseases, making diagnosis complex.
April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Higher PD-1 levels are linked to fewer immune cells in hair follicles in alopecia areata.