122 citations
,
January 2006 in “Molecular & Cellular Proteomics” Human hair contains many proteins, with some being highly abundant and modified.
238 citations
,
May 1989 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”
14 citations
,
January 2012 in “Proteins” Electrostatic interactions mainly stabilize the binding of peptides to hair keratin.
27 citations
,
November 2007 in “Genomics” Mutations in specific keratin genes cause improper hair structure in mice due to faulty keratin protein assembly.
12 citations
,
January 2000 in “Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications” The study mapped keratin 15 and 19 genes, aiding future genetic disorder research.
October 2024 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” 8 citations
,
March 2004 in “Mammalian genome” KAP genes are crucial for hair development and show both shared and unique traits in humans, chimpanzees, and baboons.
35 citations
,
May 2011 in “Experimental Dermatology” Aging causes changes in hair follicles, leading to weaker hair growth.
January 2007 in “Journal of Inner Mongolia University” The research helps in creating genetically modified animals to study hair growth.
September 2009 in “Encyclopedia of Life Sciences” The KRTAP gene family helps understand hair evolution and hair disorders.
19 citations
,
April 1999 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Keratin 2e shows a unique pattern in developing fetal skin, different from other keratins.
6 citations
,
December 1990 in “PubMed” Keratinocytes in hair follicles differentiate similarly to skin cells, with specific patterns in different regions.
10 citations
,
February 2018 in “Royal Society Open Science” Modified wheat protein in shampoo repairs and smooths damaged hair effectively.
6 citations
,
December 2018 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” CARB is a strong barrier in human hair that prevents dye penetration.
3 citations
,
June 2020 in “Developmental Cell” Feather patterns are influenced by enhancers and chromatin looping, and the structure of protein complexes important for hair growth has been detailed.
79 citations
,
August 1998 in “The Journal of Cell Biology” Keratin 16 delays skin maturation and affects skin and hair development in mice.
25 citations
,
November 2012 in “Thermochimica Acta” Internal lipids in keratin fibers, like wool and hair, reduce water absorption and release.
January 2026 in “International Journal of Biological Macromolecules” Keratin in people with androgenetic alopecia shows specific changes that could help develop new treatments.
8 citations
,
July 2004 in “Journal of morphology” Marsupial hair structure and keratin distribution are similar to placental mammals.
33 citations
,
October 2012 in “Journal of Morphology” Reptile skin hardens by layering beta-proteins on keratin.
35 citations
,
June 2012 in “PloS one” Keratin 15 expression in skin cells is regulated by two mechanisms involving PKC/AP-1 and FOXM1.
11 citations
,
January 1997 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” A new protein linked to hair strength was identified, aiding in understanding brittle hair conditions.
8 citations
,
August 1993 in “Colloid & Polymer Science” The observed "toughening" in keratin was actually due to water evaporation, not a real change in keratin.
7 citations
,
January 1959 in “Canadian Journal of Chemistry” Human and horse hair have similar end groups to wool and feathers.
March 1990 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” 1 citations
,
January 2015 in “Journal of clinical case reports” KFSD causes scarring hair loss and skin roughness, mainly in males.
Chemical treatments weaken hair's thermal stability and structure.
30 citations
,
October 1999 in “Differentiation” Mutant MK6a transgenes in mice cause blistering, hair loss, and potential human alopecia.
177 citations
,
April 2008 in “Biomedical Materials” Human hair proteins can be used to create scaffolds that support cell growth for tissue engineering.
January 2002 in “中国人民解放军军医大学学报(英文版)” Human hair keratin scaffold material degrades in muscles mainly through the ubiquitin system with lysosome help.