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GlossaryKeratin 1

protein providing structural support in skin cells

Keratin 1 (KRT1) is a type of protein found in the outer layer of the skin, playing a crucial role in providing structural integrity and resilience. It partners with Keratin 10 to form intermediate filaments, which help skin cells withstand mechanical stress and prevent damage. Mutations in the KRT1 gene can lead to skin disorders such as epidermolytic hyperkeratosis, characterized by blistering and thickened skin.

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research Keratin 19 as a biochemical marker of skin stem cells in vivo and in vitro: keratin 19 expressing cells are differentially localized in function of anatomic sites, and their number varies with donor age and culture stage

441 citations , May 1996 in “Journal of Cell Science”

Keratin 19 helps identify skin stem cells, with its presence varying by body location, age, and culture stage.

research Keratin 15 Promoter Targets Putative Epithelial Stem Cells in the Hair Follicle Bulge

387 citations , November 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

The K15 promoter effectively targets stem cells in the hair follicle bulge.

research Onset of Keratin 17 Expression Coincides with the Definition of Major Epithelial Lineages during Skin Development

318 citations , October 1998 in “The Journal of Cell Biology”

Keratin 17 is important for skin development and may help define skin cell types.

research Keratin 19: Predicted Amino Acid Sequence and Broad Tissue Distribution Suggest it Evolved from Keratinocyte Keratins.

238 citations , May 1989 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

research Keratin 15 Expression in Stratified Epithelia: Downregulation in Activated Keratinocytes

198 citations , March 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Keratin 15 helps maintain tissue integrity and is reduced in activated keratinocytes.

research Keratin 17 mutations cause either steatocystoma multiplex or pachyonychia congenita type 2

175 citations , September 1998 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

Keratin 17 gene mutations cause both steatocystoma multiplex and pachyonychia congenita type 2.

research Keratin 17 modulates hair follicle cycling in a TNFα-dependent fashion

169 citations , May 2006 in “Genes & Development”

Keratin 17 is crucial for normal hair growth by regulating hair cycle transitions with TNFα.

research Keratin 17 null mice exhibit age- and strain-dependent alopecia

122 citations , June 2002 in “Genes & Development”

Keratin 17 is crucial for early hair strength and cell survival.

research The Tissue-dependent Keratin 19 Gene Transcription Is Regulated by GKLF/KLF4 and Sp1

119 citations , September 2000 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry”

GKLF/KLF4 and Sp1 control Keratin 19 gene activity, influencing cancer-related changes.

research Increased expression of keratin 16 causes anomalies in cytoarchitecture and keratinization in transgenic mouse skin.

94 citations , October 1994 in “The Journal of Cell Biology”

Too much keratin 16 in mice skin causes abnormal skin thickening and structure.

research Interleukin-1 Induces Transcription of Keratin K6 in Human Epidermal Keratinocytes

90 citations , February 2001 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Interleukin-1 increases keratin K6 production in skin cells.

research Keratin 17 Expression in the Hard Epithelial Context of the Hair and Nail, and its Relevance for the Pachyonychia Congenita Phenotype

88 citations , June 2000 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Keratin 17 is important for hair and nail structure and affects pachyonychia congenita symptoms.

research Keratin 16 Expression Defines a Subset of Epithelial Cells During Skin Morphogenesis and the Hair Cycle

87 citations , November 2002 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

research Directed Expression of Keratin 16 to the Progenitor Basal Cells of Transgenic Mouse Skin Delays Skin Maturation

79 citations , August 1998 in “The Journal of Cell Biology”

Keratin 16 delays skin maturation and affects skin and hair development in mice.

research Keratin 17 Gene Expression during the Murine Hair Cycle

70 citations , March 1997 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

research Keratin 17 in disease pathogenesis: from cancer to dermatoses

62 citations , October 2018 in “Journal of pathology”

Keratin 17 is linked to various diseases, including cancer and skin conditions, and may be a target for diagnosis and treatment.

research Exploiting the Keratin 17 Gene Promoter To Visualize Live Cells in Epithelial Appendages of Mice

58 citations , July 2005 in “Molecular and Cellular Biology”

A specific gene segment can make mouse skin cells glow, helping study hair growth and gene effects.

research Expression of the hair stem cell-specific keratin 15 in pilar tumors of the skin.

54 citations , September 1999 in “PubMed”

K15 staining helps distinguish basal cell carcinoma from trichoepithelioma.

research The Functional Diversity of Epidermal Keratins Revealed by the Partial Rescue of the Keratin 14 Null Phenotype by Keratin 16

53 citations , September 1999 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology”

K16 can partially replace K14 but causes hair loss and skin issues.

research The Type I Keratin 19 Possesses Distinct and Context-dependent Assembly Properties

46 citations , December 1998 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry”

Keratin 19 forms less stable and shorter filaments than keratin 14, giving unique traits to certain skin cells.

research A keratin 15 containing stem cell population from the hair follicle contributes to squamous papilloma development in the mouse

44 citations , March 2012 in “Molecular Carcinogenesis”

Keratin 15 cells from hair follicles help develop and maintain skin tumors in mice.

research An unexpected role for keratin 10 end domains in susceptibility to skin cancer

43 citations , October 2006 in “Journal of Cell Science”

Keratin 10 end domains may increase skin cancer risk by reducing cell death.

research Endocrine controls of primary adult human stem cell biology: Thyroid hormones stimulate keratin 15 expression, apoptosis, and differentiation in human hair follicle epithelial stem cells in situ and in vitro

42 citations , July 2010 in “European Journal of Cell Biology”

Thyroid hormones affect hair follicle stem cells by promoting differentiation and reducing growth.

research Immunohistochemical demonstration of keratins 8 and 14 in benign tumours of the skin appendage

38 citations , November 1991 in “Archiv für Pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und für Klinische Medicin”

Keratins 8 and 14 can help identify and diagnose benign skin tumors.

research Loss of keratin 10 is accompanied by increased sebocyte proliferation and differentiation

36 citations , January 2004 in “European journal of cell biology”

Without keratin 10, there's more growth and development of oil-producing skin cells.

research Two Mechanisms Regulate Keratin K15 Expression In Keratinocytes: Role of PKC/AP-1 and FOXM1 Mediated Signalling

35 citations , June 2012 in “PloS one”

Keratin 15 expression in skin cells is regulated by two mechanisms involving PKC/AP-1 and FOXM1.

research Ornithine decarboxylase expression in cutaneous papillomas in SENCAR mice is associated with altered expression of keratins 1 and 10.

33 citations , March 1994 in “PubMed”

High ODC and low K1 and K10 may indicate early skin tumors in mice.

research cDNA Cloning, Expression, and Assembly Characteristics of Mouse Keratin 16

32 citations , November 1998 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry”

Mouse and human keratin 16 can both form filaments, with differences likely due to the tail domain, not the helical domain.

research A Novel Mouse Type I Intermediate Filament Gene, Keratin 17n (K17n), Exhibits Preferred Expression in Nail Tissue

31 citations , April 2004 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

A new mouse gene, Keratin 17n, is mainly found in nail tissue and may explain why mice without Keratin 17 don't have nail issues.

Type I Keratin 17 Protein Is Phosphorylated on Serine 44 by p90 Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinase 1 in a Growth- and Stress-Dependent Fashion

research Type I Keratin 17 Protein Is Phosphorylated on Serine 44 by p90 Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinase 1 (RSK1) in a Growth- and Stress-dependent Fashion

30 citations , December 2011 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry”

Keratin 17 is modified by RSK1 in response to growth and stress, affecting skin growth and stress response.