70 citations
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January 2014 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Keratin proteins are crucial for healthy skin, but mutations can cause skin disorders with no effective treatments yet.
40 citations
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September 2010 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” Keratin K80 is an ancient protein found in various tissues, important for cell structure and tissue differentiation.
37 citations
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May 1998 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Basal cell carcinoma shows keratin patterns similar to undifferentiated hair follicle cells.
36 citations
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December 1991 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Human nails contain both skin and hair keratins, each needing different extraction methods.
15 citations
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July 2004 in “Journal of morphology” Monotreme hair structure and protein distribution are similar to other mammals, but their inner root sheath cornifies differently, suggesting a unique evolution from reptile skin.
1 citations
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January 1989 in “Springer eBooks” June 2025 in “Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine” Keratin biomaterials could help heal wounds and regenerate tissue, but more testing is needed.
555 citations
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July 2001 in “Genes & Development” Tcf3 and Lef1 are key in deciding skin stem cell roles.
130 citations
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April 2001 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The keratin tail is crucial for skin structure and function.
119 citations
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August 2008 in “BMC Evolutionary Biology” KRTAP genes evolved early in mammals, leading to diverse hair traits.
91 citations
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December 2000 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology” Scientists successfully created mouse hair proteins in the lab, which are stable and similar to natural hair.
90 citations
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February 2001 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Interleukin-1 increases keratin K6 production in skin cells.
65 citations
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September 2014 in “BMC genomics” Different hair types in mammals are linked to variations in specific protein genes, with changes influenced by their living environments.
60 citations
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December 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” K6hf is found in specific parts of hair follicles, nails, and tongue, and is linked to hair growth and structure.
52 citations
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April 2012 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” KRTAP2 genes are crucial for hair structure and may impact hair disorders and treatments.
48 citations
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November 2002 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Genetic variations in hair keratin proteins exist but don't significantly affect hair structure.
48 citations
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July 1993 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Hair growth is controlled by specific gene clusters and proteins, and cysteine affects hair gene expression in sheep.
43 citations
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December 2008 in “Molecular biology of the cell” Disrupting Smad4 in mouse skin causes early hair follicle stem cell activity that leads to their eventual depletion.
43 citations
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October 2006 in “Journal of Cell Science” Keratin 10 end domains may increase skin cancer risk by reducing cell death.
41 citations
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October 2008 in “The American journal of pathology” Blocking a specific protein signal can make hair grow on mouse nipples.
39 citations
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January 2015 in “International journal for parasitology/International Journal for Parasitology” Epidermal keratinocytes start wound healing and inflammation after schistosome infection.
38 citations
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November 2020 in “International journal of biochemistry & cell biology” Keratin proteins are essential for keeping the cells in the human colon healthy and stable.
35 citations
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April 2008 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” Hirosaki hairless rats lack hair due to missing DNA with key keratin genes.
29 citations
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August 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” New mutations in hair keratin genes cause the rare hair disorder monilethrix.
28 citations
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February 2012 in “PLoS ONE” A PKP1 gene mutation causes skin fragility and hair loss in Chesapeake Bay retriever puppies.
28 citations
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December 1997 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” A genetic mutation in the hHa1 gene creates a smaller, but still functional, hair protein without causing hair problems.
22 citations
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April 2020 in “Scientific reports” Changthangi goats have specific genes that help produce Pashmina wool.
20 citations
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December 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Mutations in the hHb6 gene cause the hair disorder monilethrix.
19 citations
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September 2019 in “PLOS genetics” Telomere damage affects skin and hair follicle stem cells by messing up important growth signals.
16 citations
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December 2019 in “Animals” Overexpressing Tβ4 in goats' hair follicles increases cashmere production and hair follicle growth.