December 2023 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” AP-2α and AP-2β proteins are essential for healthy adult skin and hair.
April 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Blocking certain proteins can significantly regrow hair in severe alopecia areata.
438 citations
,
October 2010 in “Oncogene” Keratins help protect cells, aid in cancer diagnosis, and influence cancer behavior and treatment.
189 citations
,
July 2009 in “The Journal of clinical investigation/The journal of clinical investigation” Epidermolysis bullosa simplex causes easily blistered skin due to faulty skin cell proteins, leading to new treatment ideas.
19 citations
,
January 2009 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Hair's strength and flexibility come from its protein structure and molecular interactions.
15 citations
,
May 2014 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” A chimeric keratin partially improved skin structure in mice lacking keratin 5, but didn't fully restore normal skin.
6 citations
,
January 1985 in “ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA” Tumor cells in calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe resemble hair follicle cells.
36 citations
,
July 1988 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Pili annulati is caused by a protein metabolism disorder affecting hair structure.
32 citations
,
June 2013 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Mice without certain skin proteins had abnormal skin and hair development.
31 citations
,
February 2007 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Oxidation changes the structure of hair protein filaments, causing them to compact and rearrange.
28 citations
,
July 1980 in “British Journal of Dermatology” The hair disorder was caused by abnormal protein formation, making hair easily damaged.
13 citations
,
August 1985 in “The Journal of Dermatology” HKN-2 antibody targets specific skin and hair cells, showing keratin complexity.
8 citations
,
August 1987 in “The Journal of Dermatology” BKN-1 antibody targets specific keratin in basal cell epithelioma and normal skin basal cells.
January 2008 in “Bradford Scholars (University of Bradford)” Alopecia areata may be caused by antibodies targeting specific hair follicle proteins, hindering hair growth.
5 citations
,
January 1988 Only two of the four keratin genes are expressed in wool fibers.
2 citations
,
September 2020 in “Biomedical materials” Recombinant keratin materials may better promote skin cell differentiation than natural keratin.
21 citations
,
May 2014 in “Toxicological Sciences” Toluene diisocyanate exposure can cause immune sensitization by interacting with proteins in hair follicles and sebaceous glands.
6 citations
,
November 2018 in “Histochemistry and Cell Biology” Mongolian gerbils heal wounds differently than mice, with unique protein levels and gene expression that affect skin repair.
August 2023 in “Journal of Student Research” Human hair keratin mixed with rubber slightly improves its strength and biodegradability.
Epidermal stem cells help renew skin and heal wounds, influenced by specific proteins and markers.
November 2011 in “International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery” Keratins are key to developing and regenerating hair follicles for treating hair loss.
211 citations
,
April 2018 in “Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology” Keratins are crucial for cell structure, growth, and disease risk.
99 citations
,
July 2012 in “PLoS Genetics” A mutation in the KRT75 gene causes frizzle feathers in chickens.
90 citations
,
February 2001 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Interleukin-1 increases keratin K6 production in skin cells.
24 citations
,
April 2017 in “Oncology Reports” The hair keratin gene KRT81 is found in both normal and breast cancer cells and helps them invade surrounding tissues.
13 citations
,
July 2017 in “Biopolymers” Recombinant keratins can form useful structures for medical applications, overcoming natural keratin limitations.
12 citations
,
October 2018 in “Biotechnology reports” Recombinant keratin K31 makes damaged hair thicker, stronger, and straighter.
12 citations
,
October 2007 in “PubMed” Keratin helps protect and strengthen hair, reducing damage and color fading.
55 citations
,
January 2013 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” African hair's keratin structure is influenced by its higher lipid content.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The keratin network in mouse skin changes during cornification and affects the skin's protective barrier.