24 citations
,
November 2015 in “Scientific reports” Human hair has a new region with ordered filaments and the cuticle contains β-keratin sheets.
19 citations
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May 2008 in “Applied spectroscopy” Human hair has different protein structures in its cuticle and cortex.
17 citations
,
February 2015 in “Cell Death and Disease” Inhibiting AP1 in mice skin causes structural changes and weakens the skin barrier.
17 citations
,
June 2003 in “The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings/The Journal of investigative dermatology symposium proceedings” Mutations in hKAP1 genes may cause hereditary hair disorders.
8 citations
,
July 2011 in “Animal science journal” Keratin 33A is a key protein in goat winter coats, especially in high-producing breeds.
2 citations
,
February 2021 in “FEBS open bio” Human hair keratins K85 and K35 create unique filament patterns important for early hair formation.
February 2026 in “International Journal of Biological Macromolecules” Keratin from waste hair and feathers can be sustainably used to create stable emulsions for industrial applications.
January 2026 in “Biomaterials and Biosystems” Keratin from chicken feathers can be safely used on damaged skin.
86 citations
,
January 1996 in “Clinics in dermatology” Hair can be damaged by daily routines, but protein-based products can protect and improve it.
67 citations
,
December 1990 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology” Researchers found genes for cysteine-rich proteins that form the protective layer of hair in humans and sheep.
65 citations
,
May 2006 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Hair curliness is due to uneven distribution of different cortices within the hair fiber.
39 citations
,
June 2012 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Disulfide bonds are crucial for hair structure during keratinization.
35 citations
,
May 2011 in “Experimental Dermatology” Aging causes changes in hair follicles, leading to weaker hair growth.
21 citations
,
December 1991 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” Most mouse hair keratin genes are on chromosomes 11 and 15.
17 citations
,
November 2012 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The document concludes that over 500 genes are linked to hair disorders and this knowledge is important for creating new treatments.
12 citations
,
December 2003 in “Gene” The ovine Hoxc-13 gene is crucial for hair formation and may have other skin functions.
7 citations
,
August 2006 in “Biopolymers” Researchers extracted tiny keratin filaments from human hair by unzipping its outer layer.
5 citations
,
February 1998 in “Polymer” Human hair keratin has a 40% α-helix structure that changes to a random coil in 8 M urea.
2 citations
,
October 2022 in “Journal of structural biology” Older thin hair is not just thinner but also has different shape, structure, and stiffness.
1 citations
,
October 2009 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” A new keratin treatment can strengthen and protect aging hair.
September 2025 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Heat and UV exposure damage hair structure by altering keratins.
30 citations
,
January 2009 in “The scientific world journal/TheScientificWorldjournal” Hair is hard to dissolve because of its complex proteins, but certain solvents that break specific bonds and hydrate can do it.
1 citations
,
April 2023 in “Langmuir” Damaged hair allows water to penetrate more easily, and fatty acids from shampoos can deposit on hair surfaces.
Mutations in keratin genes may link hair disorders to dental decay.
March 2026 in “Cosmetics” Type I collagen, elastin, keratin, ceramides, and melanin improve hair strength, growth, and health.
8 citations
,
March 2020 in “Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces” Heating hair proteins changes their structure and may improve their blood clotting ability.
4 citations
,
January 2015 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Hair and wool strength is affected by the number and type of bonds in their protein structures, with hair having more protein aggregates than wool.
September 2025 in “Sahel Journal of Life Sciences FUDMA” Chemical hair straighteners can severely damage hair and scalp with repeated use.
February 2025 in “Animals” Understanding proteins in skin structures like claws and hair is crucial for future research.
31 citations
,
February 2007 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Oxidation changes the structure of hair protein filaments, causing them to compact and rearrange.