18 citations
,
January 2018 in “Advances in experimental medicine and biology” Hair keratins evolved from ancient proteins, diversifying through gene changes, crucial for forming claws and later hair in mammals.
15 citations
,
January 2018 in “Advances in experimental medicine and biology” Keratin proteins are crucial for hair growth and structure.
12 citations
,
October 2018 in “Biotechnology reports” Recombinant keratin K31 makes damaged hair thicker, stronger, and straighter.
March 2026 in “Virulence” Vimentin and keratin help viruses spread and could be targets for antiviral treatments.
May 2025 in “Journal of Developmental Biology” Jawless vertebrates have teeth proteins similar to those in mammalian hair and nails.
November 2023 in “Advanced Science” A specific hair protein variant increases the spread of breast cancer and is linked to worse survival rates.
186 citations
,
December 2012 in “Current opinion in cell biology” Keratin proteins are increasingly recognized as important for cell health and are linked to many diseases.
92 citations
,
April 1999 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Nonpalmoplantar skin cells can be made to express keratin 9 by interacting with palmoplantar fibroblasts.
38 citations
,
December 2006 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Keratin patterns in hair follicles help understand hair growth and potential hair and nail disorders.
37 citations
,
August 2024 in “Current Issues in Molecular Biology” Keratins 6, 16, and 17 increase in damaged or diseased skin and may help diagnose skin issues.
14 citations
,
April 2016 in “PloS one” The KRTAP11-1 gene promoter is crucial for specific expression in sheep wool cortex.
7 citations
,
July 2019 in “Animals” The KRTAP21-1 gene affects wool yield and can help improve wool production.
December 2025 in “The Journal of Cell Biology” Keratin 15 helps maintain skin cell growth and repair.
387 citations
,
November 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The K15 promoter effectively targets stem cells in the hair follicle bulge.
10 citations
,
December 2020 in “Palaeogeography, palaeoclimatology, palaeoecology” Elephant tusks and hair reveal seasonal diet and climate changes.
66 citations
,
June 2004 in “Biophysical Journal” Hard α-keratin in hair has a unique, nonordered structure, different from other fibers.
8 citations
,
June 2001 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” A truncated protein linked to breast cancer may change cell adhesion.
7 citations
,
January 2017 in “Sub-cellular biochemistry/Subcellular biochemistry” 132 citations
,
February 2002 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” HOXC13 is crucial for regulating hair keratin genes in hair follicles.
13 citations
,
January 2018 in “Advances in experimental medicine and biology” 79 citations
,
February 2009 in “Human Genetics” 115 citations
,
November 2008 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences” Reptiles have genes similar to hair proteins, suggesting hair's genetic origins predate mammals.
June 2024 in “British Journal of Dermatology” KRT14 gene variants cause dermatopathia pigmentosa reticularis, affecting nails, teeth, and hair.
170 citations
,
November 2007 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Skin can heal wounds without hair follicle stem cells, but it takes a bit longer.
7 citations
,
January 2013 in “Indian dermatology online journal” A rare skin condition with dark, thick, warty patches and some hair loss was found in a newborn boy.
39 citations
,
June 2012 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Disulfide bonds are crucial for hair structure during keratinization.
2 citations
,
December 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Understanding keratinization is crucial for treating skin conditions like ichthyoses and psoriasis.
78 citations
,
October 2007 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Delta1 is crucial for controlling skin cell growth and preventing tumors in mice.
73 citations
,
May 2009 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences” Disrupting the Sox21 gene in mice causes hair loss and regrowth cycles.
17 citations
,
May 2013 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Mutations in β1 integrins cause embryonic death but have milder effects on skin.