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January 2020 in “PeerJ” Keratin peptides in hair might help identify gender and ethnicity.
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February 2012 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” A specific gene mutation causes severe skin and nail issues and hair loss.
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July 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The 4C32 gene may help in mouse skin development and differentiation.
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August 2009 in “Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine” The composition with carnitine, thioctic acid, and saw palmetto extract may effectively reduce inflammation in hair follicle cells.
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June 2003 in “Journal of Morphology” Monotreme and marsupial skin proteins show primitive features and species-specific differences compared to placental mammals.
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January 1995 in “Molecular Biology Reports” Scientists discovered two versions of a new human hair keratin gene.
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December 2001 in “Endocrinology” Expressing the human vitamin D receptor in skin cells prevents hair loss in certain mice.
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September 2018 in “Journal of colloid and interface science” Modified keratin binds better to hair, especially bleached hair.
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December 2012 in “Journal of molecular structure” The study found that thioglycolic acid breaks down hair bonds more consistently than l-cysteine, which is less damaging to hair.
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August 2017 in “PLoS ONE” 61 functional keratin genes were identified in dogs and horses, leading to updated gene annotations.
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May 2007 in “Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences” KAP8.2 gene variations affect cashmere quality in goats.
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December 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Mutations in the hHb6 gene cause the hair disorder monilethrix.
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January 1995 in “Cells tissues organs” Changing light periods synchronized wool growth cycles in sheep.
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January 2019 in “Journal of dermatological science” Male hormones indirectly affect skin cell development by increasing growth factor levels from skin fibroblasts.
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January 2008 in “Journal of Korean Medical Science” NGAL may help maintain skin balance and is linked to skin disorders and cancers.
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December 2015 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The protein p53 directly reduces the production of Keratin 17, a skin and hair protein, in rats with radiation dermatitis.
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December 2006 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Type I and Type II keratin chains can form heterodimers despite sequence differences.
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April 1999 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Keratin 2e shows a unique pattern in developing fetal skin, different from other keratins.
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March 2013 in “Biology Letters” Early tetrapod keratins evolved into toe pad proteins in amphibians and hair proteins in mammals.
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August 2012 in “Cell death and differentiation” Intu gene is crucial for hair follicle formation by helping keratinocytes differentiate through primary cilia.
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July 1997 in “British Journal of Dermatology” LHTric-1 is a specific antibody useful for studying hair and nail formation.
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April 2020 in “Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity” Fernblock® helps protect skin cells from pollution and stress, reducing inflammation and damage.
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October 1989 in “PubMed” Minoxidil helps hair growth by being sulfated in hair follicles.
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December 2010 in “Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry” A new method accurately measures lead levels in hair to assess exposure.
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October 2018 in “Nutrients” Annurca apple extract promotes hair growth by changing hair follicle metabolism to boost keratin production.
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September 2018 in “The Journal of Agricultural Science” Genetic variation in the KRTAP15-1 gene affects wool yield in sheep.
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January 2018 in “Advances in experimental medicine and biology” Hair keratins evolved from ancient proteins, diversifying through gene changes, crucial for forming claws and later hair in mammals.
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November 2005 in “European Journal of Cell Biology” Keratin gene clusters in humans and marsupials are similarly organized.