May 2025 in “Journal of Developmental Biology” Jawless vertebrates have teeth proteins similar to those in mammalian hair and nails.
January 2006 in “Elsevier eBooks” Most vertebrates can regenerate skin, nails, and corneas, but only some can regenerate teeth and lenses.
44 citations
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August 1990 in “PubMed” Keratins K1 and K10 are found in the inner root sheath and cuticle of human hair follicles.
28 citations
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September 2013 in “European Journal of Histochemistry” Keratins in Malayan pangolins vary by region, suggesting scales evolved from the tail towards the head.
17 citations
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August 2014 in “The Anatomical Record” Scaffoldin helps form hard skin structures in chicken embryos.
28 citations
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August 1992 in “Differentiation” A new pair of mouse keratins, 65 kD and 48 kD, are found in specific skin areas and are linked to a unique skin differentiation type.
11 citations
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May 2013 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” KRTAP10 proteins help form the hair shaft's tough outer layer by interacting with specific hair keratins.
85 citations
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January 1990
109 citations
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September 2011 in “Human molecular genetics online/Human molecular genetics” New treatments targeting specific genes show promise for treating keratin disorders.
January 2007 in “The FASEB journal” Human hair keratins help nerve regeneration and support Schwann cell activity.
22 citations
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October 1996 in “Dermatologic clinics” Understanding intermediate filaments helps explain hair health and related diseases.
2 citations
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August 2020 in “Scientific reports” Genes related to keratin, skin cell differentiation, and immune functions are key in hedgehog skin and spine development.
10 citations
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January 2010 in “International journal of trichology” Keratin-associated proteins are part of the developing hair fiber cuticle.
186 citations
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December 2012 in “Current opinion in cell biology” Keratin proteins are increasingly recognized as important for cell health and are linked to many diseases.
8 citations
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July 2004 in “Journal of morphology” Marsupial hair structure and keratin distribution are similar to placental mammals.
9 citations
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July 2008 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” 19 citations
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March 2013 in “Biology Letters” Early tetrapod keratins evolved into toe pad proteins in amphibians and hair proteins in mammals.
13 citations
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May 2001 in “Current problems in dermatology” Keratin proteins in epithelial cells are dynamic and crucial for cell processes and disease understanding.
8 citations
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May 2005 in “The American journal of dermatopathology/American journal of dermatopathology” The hair defect is due to abnormal inner root sheath keratinization.
65 citations
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December 2000 in “PubMed” The biology of skin and hair is complex and not fully understood.
38 citations
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January 2014 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Krtap11-1 is important for hair strength and structure.
6 citations
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July 2015 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Chicken feather gene mutation helps understand human hair disorders.
17 citations
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February 2015 in “Experimental Dermatology” Keratins are crucial for hair strength, and mutations in certain keratin genes cause hair disorders.
38 citations
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November 1991 in “Archiv für Pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und für Klinische Medicin” Keratins 8 and 14 can help identify and diagnose benign skin tumors.
Spiny keratoderma is a rare skin condition with small spines on palms and soles, possibly linked to abnormal hair formation.
38 citations
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July 1993 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 45 citations
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January 1986 27 citations
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July 1993 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The keratin network in mouse skin changes during cornification and affects the skin's protective barrier.