375 citations
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June 2013 in “Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular cell research” Cornification is how skin cells die to form the protective outer layer of skin, hair, and nails.
349 citations
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January 2005 in “The FASEB journal” Human skin can make serotonin and melatonin, which help protect and maintain it.
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April 2001 in “Current Biology” c-Myc activation in mouse skin increases sebaceous gland growth and affects hair follicle development.
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April 2010 in “Developmental Cell” β-catenin in the dermal papilla is crucial for normal hair growth and repair.
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October 2000 in “Nature” RXRα is crucial for hair growth and skin cell function.
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January 2002 in “Development” Overexpression of ΔNLef1 in mouse skin leads to hair loss, cysts, and skin tumors.
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April 2009 in “The journal of neuroscience/The Journal of neuroscience” TRPA1 is crucial for mechanical sensitivity in skin sensory neurons.
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July 2011 in “Journal of the Dermatology Nurses’ Association” The skin's layers protect, sense, and regulate the body's internal balance, but can be prone to cancer.
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February 2020 in “International journal of molecular sciences” ADSCs help in wound healing and skin regeneration but need more research for full understanding.
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March 1994 in “Developmental dynamics” Apoptosis is essential for human skin development and forming a functional epidermis.
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July 1993 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Hair color production in mice is closely linked to the hair growth phase and may also influence hair growth itself.
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September 2008 in “Dermatologic Therapy” Androgens can both increase and decrease hair growth in different parts of the body.
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March 2012 in “Science Translational Medicine” PGD2 stops hair growth and is higher in bald men with AGA.
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October 1999 in “EMBO journal” Overexpression of activin A in mice skin causes skin thickening, fibrosis, and improved wound healing.
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May 2001 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Sebocytes play a key role in controlling androgen levels in human skin.
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November 2001 in “The Journal of Cell Biology” Desmocollin 1 is essential for strong skin and proper skin function.
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October 2002 in “The FASEB journal” Androgens may cause hair loss by increasing TGF-beta1 from scalp cells, which inhibits hair cell growth.
185 citations
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June 2011 in “Molecular and cellular endocrinology” Skin cells produce and activate vitamin D, which regulates skin functions and supports hair growth.
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May 2003 in “Development” Myc activation reduces skin stem cells by affecting cell adhesion.
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July 2007 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Stat3 helps skin heal but can also cause skin diseases if overactive.
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January 2008 in “Journal of biomaterials science. Polymer ed.” The peptide GHK-Cu helps heal and remodel tissue, improves skin and hair health, and has potential for treating age-related inflammatory diseases.
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September 2003 in “Toxicology and applied pharmacology” Blocking COX, especially COX-2, in the skin can reduce inflammation and pain and may help prevent skin cancer.
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October 2001 in “EMBO journal” Overexpressing follistatin in mice delays wound healing and reduces scar size.
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July 2011 in “Biomacromolecules” Chitosan nanofiber scaffolds improve skin healing and are promising for wound treatment.
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August 2011 in “Reviews in endocrine and metabolic disorders” Vitamin D and its receptor regulate skin functions like cell growth, immunity, hair cycle, and tumor prevention.
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August 1992 in “Genes & Development” TNF alpha in skin cells causes weight loss, hair and fat issues, and skin inflammation in mice.
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July 2000 in “Molecular and Cellular Biology” Keratin 6a is important for quick wound healing from hair follicles.
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September 2006 in “Developmental Cell” Too much Smad7 changes skin and hair development by breaking down a protein called β-catenin, leading to more oil glands and fewer hair follicles.
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December 2004 in “Molecular Endocrinology” The vitamin D receptor is essential for normal hair growth, even without its usual binding.