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January 1981 Hair is mostly made of three protein types: helical, high-sulfur, and high-tyrosine.
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May 2001 in “Current problems in dermatology” Keratin proteins in epithelial cells are dynamic and crucial for cell processes and disease understanding.
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January 2013 in “Acta Histochemica” Junctional proteins stabilize the inner root sheath and connect the companion layer in human hair.
2 citations
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January 2004 in “Sen i Gakkaishi” Human hair and nail proteins are unlikely to cause allergic reactions.
16 citations
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January 2018 in “Advances in experimental medicine and biology” Hair and wool have diverse keratins and keratin-associated proteins.
9 citations
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February 2016 in “Anatomical Science International” Hair proteins change location and structure as hair cells mature.
January 2023 in “Czech Journal of Animal Science” Proteins influence the quality and traits of cashmere goat fleece, affecting hair strength and diameter.
33 citations
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October 2012 in “Journal of Morphology” Reptile skin hardens by layering beta-proteins on keratin.
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January 1989 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” The method effectively analyzes human hair proteins, especially nonfilamentous ones.
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January 2018 in “Advances in experimental medicine and biology” 62 citations
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October 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” New mutations in hair keratin genes can change hair structure and cause monilethrix, with nail issues more common in certain gene mutations.
January 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”
5 citations
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January 1990 in “Journal of Society of Cosmetic Chemists of Japan” Permanent wave lotion can extract proteins from hair, especially when pH is higher, and repeated treatments or bleaching can damage hair.
February 2025 in “Animals” Understanding proteins in skin structures like claws and hair is crucial for future research.
86 citations
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April 2009 in “Journal of anatomy” Hard skin features like scales, feathers, and hair evolved through specific protein changes in different animal groups.
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May 2008 in “Histochemistry and Cell Biology” Keratins are crucial for cell stability, wound healing, and cancer diagnosis.
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October 2011 in “Analytical biochemistry” Hair proteins have weak spots in their α-helical segments.
36 citations
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November 2019 in “Molecular biology and evolution” Cysteine-rich keratins evolved independently in mammals, reptiles, and birds for hard skin structures like hair, claws, and feathers.
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November 2013 in “Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education” Keratins are crucial proteins for hair and nails, with a structure that helps teach protein principles.
2 citations
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November 1996 in “PubMed” Most people have similar hair protein patterns, but a rare variant was found in two women.
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January 2018 in “Scientific reports” Human hair contains diverse proteins, including keratins and histones, which could help assess hair health and aging.
18 citations
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April 2018 in “Biotechniques/BioTechniques” A new method was developed to extract and analyze proteins from very short human hairs.
7 citations
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December 2020 in “ACS biomaterials science & engineering” Human hair keratins can form stable nanofiber networks that might help in tissue regeneration.
5 citations
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February 2022 in “Seminars in cell & developmental biology” Recent findings suggest that genetic factors, immune system issues, and skin cell defects might contribute to the development of hidradenitis suppurativa.
Mutations in keratin genes may link hair disorders to dental decay.
March 2009 in “Encyclopedia of Life Sciences” Mutations in keratin genes cause skin disorders, but new treatments show promise.
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May 2020 in “Journal of proteome research” Explosions don't stop hair proteins from being used to identify people.
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January 2018 in “Advances in experimental medicine and biology” Hair keratins evolved from ancient proteins, diversifying through gene changes, crucial for forming claws and later hair in mammals.