81 citations
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November 2012 in “Journal of the National Cancer Institute” The tumor suppressor gene FLCN affects mitochondrial function and energy use in cells.
April 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Blocking a key energy pathway in human hair follicles can trigger stress responses that stop cell growth.
16 citations
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November 2017 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Cells in hair die by breaking down their DNA and mitochondria as they form keratin.
February 2022 in “Mediators of Inflammation” Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) have lower levels of a substance called DIAPH1 in their blood, which is linked to changes in sugar metabolism and insulin resistance.
24 citations
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May 2022 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Activating brown fat may help manage PCOS symptoms.
58 citations
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February 2016 in “Scientific reports” Blocking BACE1 and BACE2 enzymes causes hair color loss in mice.
January 2017 in “대한미용학회지” The cuticle layer in hair follicles thickens during keratinization due to incomplete cytosol loss.
7 citations
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March 1993 in “International Journal of Oncology” Basal cell carcinoma shows keratin patterns similar to hair follicle structures.
40 citations
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September 2010 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” Keratin K80 is an ancient protein found in various tissues, important for cell structure and tissue differentiation.
2 citations
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August 2024 in “Molecular Genetics & Genomic Medicine” Biotin mega-dose therapy led to dramatic improvement in a newborn with a rare metabolic disorder.
198 citations
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October 1986 in “Differentiation” 57 citations
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July 2000 in “Toxicology Letters” K6/ODC transgenic mice are effective for quickly identifying cancer-causing chemicals.
December 2023 in “Royal Society of Chemistry eBooks” Nails are a useful alternative to hair for analyzing long-term substance exposure.
December 2011 in “The Diabetes Educator” The Blood Glucose Management Service improved patient safety and outcomes in managing blood sugar in hospitalized patients.
January 2022 in “Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases” Hirsute women have higher testosterone, cholesterol, and glucose levels.
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July 2015 in “Journal of inherited metabolic disease” Methionine restriction works better than betaine for treating CBS deficiency symptoms in mice.
36 citations
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June 2012 in “Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research” People with decreased kidney function have higher levels of ethyl glucuronide in their hair.
March 2025 in “Egyptian Journal of Animal Health” Zinc deficiency causes parakeratosis in buffalo calves, and supplementation improves symptoms.
7 citations
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January 1971 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” 36 citations
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December 2004 in “British Journal of Dermatology” The cyst had unusual keratin spherules and resembled bone marrow.
119 citations
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January 2000 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Different parts of the nail express different keratins, showing unique patterns of differentiation.
26 citations
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March 2006 in “Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders. Drug targets” This enzyme helps metabolize fatty acids and isoleucine, and could be key in treating neurological diseases and certain cancers.
3 citations
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April 2024 in “JAAD Case Reports” DPCP may be safe for treating alopecia during pregnancy, but more research is needed.
The man has patchy hair loss likely due to alopecia areata.
14 citations
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November 1963 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Pathologic tissues have more soluble proteins than normal tissues.
June 2025 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences” A PIK3CA mutation in Schwann cells causes severe nerve damage and increased glycolysis, but early treatment can help.
20 citations
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November 1968 in “The Lancet” Potassium levels affect blood sugar and insulin during dialysis, and malnutrition changes children's hair roots.
218 citations
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October 2013 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” Mice lacking the PPARγ gene in their fat cells had almost no fat tissue, severe metabolic problems, and abnormal development of other fat-related tissues.
43 citations
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August 2010 in “Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs” Inhibitors of 11β-HSD1 show potential for treating type 2 diabetes but require more testing for safety and effectiveness.
2 citations
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November 2022 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Mutant stem cells adapt their metabolism differently to outcompete normal cells in the skin.