86 citations
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April 2009 in “Journal of anatomy” Hard skin features like scales, feathers, and hair evolved through specific protein changes in different animal groups.
January 2003 in “Swinburne Research Bank (Swinburne University of Technology)” 70 citations
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March 1997 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 62 citations
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October 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” New mutations in hair keratin genes can change hair structure and cause monilethrix, with nail issues more common in certain gene mutations.
54 citations
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January 2013 in “Journal of Biological Macromolecules” A new method effectively separates keratin-associated proteins and keratin from human hair.
94 citations
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October 1994 in “The Journal of Cell Biology” Too much keratin 16 in mice skin causes abnormal skin thickening and structure.
30 citations
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November 2012 in “Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences” Hard α-keratins stay stiff in water because the surrounding matrix keeps them dehydrated and strong.
Spiny keratoderma is a rare skin condition with small spines on palms and soles, possibly linked to abnormal hair formation.
31 citations
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March 1995 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”
January 2013 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Microfibrils are key for permanent waves, and hydrolyzed keratin improves wave formation and hair condition.
6 citations
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October 2022 in “Journal of cell science” Keratin genes change gradually during skin cell development and should be used carefully as biomarkers.
19 citations
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March 1961 in “Nature” A fatty acid/protein complex in human hair helps protect it from damage.
185 citations
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December 2010 in “Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics” Keratin gene mutations cause various skin and hair disorders, but new research offers hope for future treatments.
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May 2016 in “Matrix Biology” Deleting a specific protein in skin cells disrupts normal hair growth and development.
22 citations
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November 2008 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Cystatin M/E helps in the final stages of hair and nail formation by controlling certain enzymes.
October 2024 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” 425 citations
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August 2002 in “BioEssays” The cornified cell envelope forms a protective barrier in skin and hair, using specific proteins and lipids to maintain effectiveness.
3 citations
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August 2018 in “Journal of Structural Biology” KAP8.1 protein is crucial for hair structure and interacts with keratin 85.
4 citations
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November 1968 in “Textile research journal” Hair fibers may have a unique, non-protein sheath not previously identified.
38 citations
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October 2001 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Keratin K6irs is a marker for the inner root sheath of hair follicles in mice and humans.
141 citations
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February 1988 in “Molecular and Cellular Biology” Only one K16 gene on chromosome 17 makes a functional keratin protein.
July 2007 in “Manuals in biomedical research” 2 citations
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September 2004 in “Experimental Dermatology” Keratinocyte adhesion problems can cause skin and hair disorders.
36 citations
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November 2019 in “Molecular biology and evolution” Cysteine-rich keratins evolved independently in mammals, reptiles, and birds for hard skin structures like hair, claws, and feathers.
60 citations
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December 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” K6hf is found in specific parts of hair follicles, nails, and tongue, and is linked to hair growth and structure.
1 citations
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January 1995 in “Skin Cancer” Immunohistochemistry helps accurately identify and differentiate malignant trichilemmoma.
April 2009 in “The FASEB Journal” Keratin biomaterials from human hair help nerve regeneration by activating Schwann cells.
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January 1988 Hair follicles have unique proteins that vary by species and are influenced by nutrition.
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August 2014 in “Veterinary Dermatology” Keratinocytes play a key role in skin health, but more research is needed.