November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Estrogen deficiency can reduce the enzyme activity needed to activate vitamin D.
35 citations
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May 2022 in “Baillière's best practice and research in clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Baillière's best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Androgens like testosterone are important hormones for both men and women, made differently in each sex and affecting the body by regulating genes and quick interactions with cell components.
Resveratrol improved hormone levels, menstrual cycles, hair loss, and ovarian function in PCOS patients.
January 2021 in “Acta Scientiae Veterinariae” Levothyroxine effectively treated a dog's skin and hair problems caused by hypothyroidism.
18 citations
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February 2020 in “Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis” The method accurately measures hormones and endocannabinoids in mice, showing gut microbiota diversity affects these levels and may influence stress and reproductive systems.
59 citations
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August 2007 in “Clinical Endocrinology” The current methods for diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome are too vague and may lead to misdiagnosis and problems in research.
39 citations
,
May 2011 in “European Journal of Clinical Investigation” Hirsutism can be caused by various conditions besides PCOS, and it's important to treat the underlying issue and manage symptoms with medication and cosmetic approaches.
34 citations
,
December 2015 in “Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews” Some hormone-related drugs may protect brain cells in Parkinson's disease differently in men and women.
30 citations
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July 2004 in “Fertility and Sterility” Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.
14 citations
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December 1998 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” MENT could be a better option than testosterone for male hormone therapy and birth control because it works well at lower doses and has fewer side effects on the prostate.
18 citations
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February 2006 in “Brain & development” A patient with Satoyoshi syndrome improved with a treatment combining several medications, including carbamazepine and methotrexate.
June 2018 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Finasteride does not negatively affect male reproductive function.
A gluten-free diet and removing the parathyroid adenoma helped a girl with coeliac disease and high calcium levels start puberty.
124 citations
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August 1990 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Diffuse alopecia in women may be related to androgens and iron deficiency, and basic hormone and nutrient screening is useful.
52 citations
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March 2022 in “Biology of Sex Differences” Females have stronger immune responses to COVID-19 than males, leading to better outcomes.
47 citations
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January 2021 in “Fertility and Sterility” COVID-19 might affect male fertility, but more research is needed to understand the full impact.
22 citations
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January 2021 in “Clinical Therapeutics” Men face more severe COVID-19 outcomes, while women are more likely to have long-term symptoms.
13 citations
,
December 2012 in “Frontiers in bioscience” Vitamin D and estrogen may help protect heart and kidney health, and maintaining sufficient vitamin D levels could be especially beneficial for African Americans, postmenopausal women, and people with chronic kidney disease.
12 citations
,
October 2004 in “Experimental Gerontology” Changes in testosterone and estrogen receptor genes can affect how men age, influencing body fat, hair patterns, and possibly leading to skin disorders.
5 citations
,
December 2021 in “Physiological Research” Men, particularly those with hair loss, are more likely to get the virus, and those with prostate cancer may have milder symptoms. Testosterone's role in the disease is unclear, and the virus doesn't seem to harm male fertility. Women with PCOS might be at higher risk. More research is needed.
4 citations
,
June 2025 in “Medeniyet Medical Journal” TMPRSS2 is crucial for COVID-19 infection and is a potential target for treatment.
1 citations
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January 2015 in “Journal of Pigmentary Disorders” Melasma is a skin condition linked to female hormones, genetics, UV exposure, and certain medications, but not to pituitary, adrenal, or thyroid diseases.
November 2025 in “Molecules” Microextraction techniques improve hormone testing while being environmentally friendly.
January 2026 in “Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience” Neurosteroids like neuro-estrogen and neuro-androgen are crucial for brain function and can improve cognition and protect against aging-related decline.
2 citations
,
January 2014 in “Springer eBooks” Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) often leads to severe acne, and lifestyle changes and hormonal treatments can help manage it.
11 citations
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July 2001 in “APMIS. Acta pathologica, microbiologica et immunologica Scandinavica./APMIS” Estrogens are key for bone growth spurts in both boys and girls and affect growth into adulthood.
October 2025 in “Preprints.org” Male and female mice handle stress differently.
December 2021 in “THE THERAPIST (Journal of Therapies & Rehabilitation Sciences)” PCOS is common, affects fertility, and needs early diagnosis and lifestyle changes for management.
September 2016 in “JAMA Dermatology” Melanoma patients can learn to check their skin, early balding in men may indicate similar risks as PCOS in women, certain criteria can help predict skin cancer behavior, small skin cancer may not need extra therapy after surgery, and sterile gloves don't reduce infection in minor surgeries.
April 2015 in “Cambridge University Press eBooks” Many women experience sexual dysfunction, but few seek help, and better treatment and medical training are needed.