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A toddler with a rare adrenal gland tumor causing male-like physical changes was successfully treated with surgery.

Spironolactone may help reduce COVID-19 severity in men by blocking harmful effects of certain hormones.

17-β-Estradiol applied to the skin stops hair growth, while ICI 182 780 helps hair grow in mice.

Female mice are less affected by certain substances that alter alcohol consumption compared to male mice.

The white wax scale insect's genome shows that complete metamorphosis evolved earlier than thought and highlights differences in male and female development.

The conclusion is that published guidelines are improving transgender medical care, but more research and education in transgender medicine are needed.

COVID-19 may worsen with androgens; anti-androgen drugs could help.

Antiandrogens have important biological effects, but more research is needed to understand them fully and compare their effectiveness and side effects to other treatments.

Oral finasteride and dutasteride may negatively affect erectile function in rats.

Female hair loss is often hereditary and can be treated with medication, hair transplants, and lasers.

Men generally have higher blood pressure than premenopausal women, but postmenopausal women's blood pressure can surpass men's, and hormone therapy doesn't significantly help.

Barn owls with smaller black spots have higher testosterone levels, which might be due to genetic effects on hormone regulation rather than hormone effects on coloration.

The document concludes that understanding health requires considering evolutionary perspectives on reproductive fitness, and recognizing the complexity of factors like diet, testosterone, and sexual orientation.

The conclusion is that endocrinology significantly impacts medicine with various common medications used for treatment.

Testosterone significantly affects sexual desire in both men and women, but its impact on women is more complex and influenced by psychological factors.

Vitamin D may help regulate cholesterol and influence prostate cancer development.

The androgen receptor's shape-changing ability helps it function but can lead to cancer treatment resistance.

Testosterone treatment for older men can have short-term benefits, but long-term risks are unclear, requiring careful evaluation and monitoring.

Stopping finasteride improves sperm quality but not semen volume in young men.

Removing a testosterone-producing tumor cured a woman's sleep apnea and other symptoms.

5-alpha reductase inhibitors may help protect the brain and gut in Parkinson's disease.

Physiology education needs to include more diversity and different perspectives to better represent all populations.

AKR1C enzymes in scalp glands decrease with age, possibly affecting hair loss.

Autologous Platelet and Extracellular Vesicle-Rich Plasma (PVRP) has potential in enhancing tissue regeneration and improving hair conditions, but its effectiveness varies due to individual differences.

Estrogen affects how vitamin A is processed in mouse skin, which may impact acne treatment, hair growth, and skin defense.

Pu-erh tea reduces hair loss risk in offspring.

Androgen receptors are key for development and health, affecting conditions like prostate cancer and male pattern baldness.

No consistent link between genotype and phenotype in 5-α-Reductase type 2 deficiency.

Targeting androgen receptors in the skin is the most effective treatment for hyperandrogenism-related skin issues.

Men with androgenetic alopecia may have higher triglycerides, suggesting a link to lipid metabolism.