59 citations
,
February 2021 in “BMJ” High doses of cyproterone acetate increase the risk of brain tumors in women, but the risk decreases after stopping the medication.
January 2026 in “Endocrinology” 9 citations
,
April 2021 in “Annals of Translational Medicine” Facial contouring is crucial for the satisfaction and well-being of Chinese transgender females.
31 citations
,
September 2020 in “Clinical endocrinology” Some antiandrogens may lower testosterone better than others, but it's unclear which is best for feminization in transgender women; more research is needed.
February 2023 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Too much male hormone in mothers can negatively affect the sexual behavior of both male and female baby mice.
7 citations
,
January 2019 in “Headache” Hormone therapy may increase migraines in transgender women and decrease them in transgender men; more research is needed on migraine management in transgender individuals.
April 2003 in “Experimental Dermatology” The workshop highlighted the genetic links and psychological impacts of hair loss and skin disorders.
January 2024 in “Biology of sex differences” Dihydrotestosterone makes arteries stiffer in female mice by reducing estrogen receptor expression.
February 2026 in “British Journal of Sports Medicine” Transgender women have similar fitness to cisgender women, while transgender men have higher fat and lower strength than cisgender men; hormone therapy affects body composition and strength.
21 citations
,
July 2019 in “Cardiovascular Research” High levels of male hormones in pregnant mice cause heart enlargement and poor heart function in their female babies.
4 citations
,
July 2021 in “Dermatology and therapy” Hormone therapy increases facial and body hair in transgender men, while hair removal improves well-being in transgender women, but cost is a barrier as insurance often doesn't cover it. Dermatologists can use various treatments for these hair issues.
4 citations
,
August 2018 in “American journal of otolaryngology” Transgender women on estrogen therapy can develop melasma and need proper skin care.
July 2025 in “Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism” The guideline emphasizes a multidisciplinary approach and informed consent for gender-affirming hormone treatment, with regular follow-ups and individualized care.
23 citations
,
October 2016 in “Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health” The document concludes that health care providers should offer culturally competent care and more research is needed to improve health outcomes for transgender individuals.
80 citations
,
April 2006 in “Clinical Interventions in Aging” Minoxidil and Finasteride are effective for male baldness; more research is needed for hair aging treatments.
January 2022 in “Stem cell biology and regenerative medicine” Dermal sheath cells can help grow new hair follicles and show promise in treating hair loss.
July 2023 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Gender-affirming hormone therapy improves physical performance in trans men to the level of cisgender men, while in trans women, it increases fat mass and decreases muscle mass, with no advantage in physical performance after 2 years.
146 citations
,
December 2016 in “Translational Andrology and Urology” Hormone therapy is essential for transgender individuals but requires careful management due to possible metabolic effects.
40 citations
,
November 2011 in “American Journal of Human Biology” Stress from being transgender is linked to higher blood pressure at night and more inflammation, which may affect heart health.
18 citations
,
February 2016 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Advancements in male reproductive medicine are ongoing, but more research and improved treatments are needed in several areas.
166 citations
,
October 2018 in “Endocrine Reviews” Hormone treatments for transgender individuals generally improve mental health and physical transition, with some health risks that require medical supervision.
1 citations
,
January 2020 in “Elsevier eBooks” Hormone therapy is safe and effective for transgender adults, but requires regular monitoring and mental health support.
21 citations
,
March 2019 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” The review highlights the need for more research on transgender dermatology, the role of dermatologists in gender affirmation, and the effects of hormone therapy on skin and hair.
1 citations
,
October 2017 in “Elsevier eBooks” Antiandrogens can treat female hormonal conditions, but environmental ones may harm reproductive health.
December 2025 in “International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science” Transgender individuals face unique skin issues, often due to hormone therapy, requiring specialized and stigma-free dermatologic care.
November 2022 in “Scientific Reports” Certain ESR1 gene variations may affect hormone levels and fat distribution in women with high male hormone levels.
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) show higher levels of hope, judgement, perspective, and transcendence, and could benefit from positive psychology therapy.
45 citations
,
November 2021 in “Fertility and Sterility” The conclusion is that women under 35 should start fertility checks after 12 months of trying to conceive, women over 35 after 6 months, and women over 40 should start immediately. The checks should include ovulation status, reproductive tract structure, and male partner's semen evaluation.
2 citations
,
January 2015 in “Springer eBooks” Environmental factors and exposure to toxins may contribute to male infertility by affecting sperm and hormone function.
47 citations
,
February 2019 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” LGBT individuals have unique skin health needs, including higher STD risks and side effects from gender-affirming treatments, requiring dermatologists to offer knowledgeable and culturally competent care.